{ "id": 11255531, "name": "F. G. JAMES et al. v. OSCAR HOOKER et al.", "name_abbreviation": "James v. Hooker", "decision_date": "1916-12-22", "docket_number": "", "first_page": "780", "last_page": "783", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "172 N.C. 780" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.C.", "id": 9292, "name": "Supreme Court of North Carolina" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 5, "name_long": "North Carolina", "name": "N.C." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "112 N. C., 546", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8651459 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/112/0546-01" ] }, { "cite": "141 N. C., 39", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11252000 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/141/0039-01" ] }, { "cite": "89 S. C., 198", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "S.C.", "case_ids": [ 1936751 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/sc/89/0198-01" ] }, { "cite": "90 S. C., 8", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "S.C.", "case_ids": [ 8714828 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/sc/90/0008-01" ] }, { "cite": "98 N. C., 437", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11274872 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/98/0437-01" ] }, { "cite": "110 N. C., 6", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11272441 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/110/0006-01" ] }, { "cite": "115 N. C., 570", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8652471 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/115/0570-01" ] }, { "cite": "136 N. C., 187", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8659247 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/136/0187-01" ] }, { "cite": "139 N. C., 9", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8651941 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/139/0009-01" ] }, { "cite": "159 N. C., 653", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8661033 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/159/0653-01" ] }, { "cite": "43 N. C., 237", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8681746 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/43/0237-01" ] }, { "cite": "43 N. C., 80", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8681066 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/43/0080-01" ] }, { "cite": "83 N. C., 97", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "124 N. C., 547", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8660288 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/124/0547-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 515, "char_count": 9537, "ocr_confidence": 0.447, "pagerank": { "raw": 1.7352104191547136e-07, "percentile": 0.7061840284896919 }, "sha256": "99620b576aa77eba51ade6e81309766744946167606b4b031c84f6e0e02f8d57", "simhash": "1:1e0daf5ed82544c7", "word_count": 1657 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T19:21:58.562423+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "F. G. JAMES et al. v. OSCAR HOOKER et al." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Hoke, J.\nThe property in controversy, a certain lot in the town of Greenville, N. C., or its proceeds, is subject to disposition according to the provisions of a certain deed, in terms as follows:\n\u201cKnow all men by these presents, that I, Edward C. Yellowly of Pitt County, North Carolina, for and in consideration of the sum of $1 to me in band paid, dotb bargain, sell, alien, and convey to Pen'elope E. Dancy, wife of George A. Dancy, a certain piece or parcel of land in plan of said town as Lot No. 92, whereon she now lives, for and during the period of her natural life, with remainder over after the expiration .of her said life estate to the children now or that are hereafter born of the intermarriage of the said George A. Dancy and Penelope, and the lawful descendants of said children, their heirs and assigns, that are, living at her death.\n\u201cTo have and to hold the said premises, with all and singular the privileges, rights, appurtenances, and improvements thereto belonging, to the said Penelope E. Dancy for and during the term of her natural life and to the said children and their descendants in manner as aforesaid, and their heirs and assigns, in fee simple forever.\u201d\nPen\u00e9lope, the life tenant, died in 1916, and the facts and circumstances pertinent to the operation and proper construction of the deed are very well epitomized in the brief of counsel as follows:\nThe children living at the execution of the deed:\n(1) Josephine Dancy, wife of D. Y. N. Seawell; (2) Melissa Nelson, wife of IT. E. Nelson; (3) Lula Oleves, wife of L. E. Oleves; (4) Joseph Dancy; (5) George E. Dancy; (6) Elizabeth Dancey; '(7) William 0. Dancy; (8) Frank Dancy.\nChildren and descendants of dead child living at the-death of Penelope:\n(1) Josephine Seawell, (2) Joseph J. Dancy, (3) Elizabeth K. Goodwin, (4) William 0. Dancy, (5) Charles O\u2019Hagan Dancy, son of George Dancy, deceased.\nStatus of parties from 1869 to death of Penelope in 1916:\nJosephine, now living; has one child. In 1897 conveyed her interest to James B. Cherry.\nJoseph, now living; has two children. In 1886 conveyed his interest to James B. Cherry.\nElizabeth, now living, and has made no conveyance.\nWilliam C., now living; has three children. In 1888 conveyed his interest to Oscar Hooker. In 1912 conveyed his supposed interest, because of the death of his sister Melissa, to R. W. King.\nGeorgo Dancy, died in 1886. He conveyed his share to Oscar-Hooker.\nAfter the death of the life tenant, George Dancy\u2019s son and \u201cdescendant,\u201d diaries O\u2019Hagan Dancy, conveyed his interest as such \u201cdescendant\u201d to Harry Whedbee and R. W. King equally.\nMelissa is dead. She left no children and made no conveyance.\nLula Oleves died in 1906, leaving no issue. She undertook to convey her supposed interest to Harry Skinner.\nFrank Dancey died in 1907, leaving no issue. He undertook to convey bis supposed interest to Oscar Hooker.\nE. G. James\u2019s wife is tbe beir at law of James B. Oberry, and Harry W. Whedbee is the purchaser of one-balf of tbe interest belonging to Charles O\u2019Hagan Dancy, son of George, who predeceased bis mother, Penelope.\nUpon these tbe facts and conditions chiefly relevant to the questions presented, we are of opinion that there was error in tbe judgment of tbe court to tbe effect that tbe deed, at tbe time of its execution, conveyed to the remaindermen therein a vested interest and making division of tbe property on that basis. If tbe instrument in its granting clause bad omitted tbe words, \u201cthat are living at her death,\u201d tbe ruling of bis Honor would have been in accord with our decisions, Harris v. Russell, 124 N. C., 547; Pollard v. Pollard, 83 N. C., 97; Brinson v. Wharton, 43 N. C., 80; Rives v. Frizzle, 43 N. C., 237; but tbe addition of these words just after the estate in remainder, \u201cto tbe children now or that may hereafter be born of tbe intermarriage of tbe said George A. Dancy and Penelope and tbe lawful descendants of said children, their heirs and assigns,\u201d and qualifying both tbe words \u201cchildren and their descendants,\u201d renders tbe interest a contingent one and requires that tbe rightful claimants should be living and answer tbe description at tbe death of the life tenant. Vinson v. Wise, 159 N. C., 653; Latham v. Lumber Co., 139 N. C., 9; Bowen v. Hackney, 136 N. C., 187; Whitesides v. Cooper, 115 N. C., 570; Watson v. Smith, 110 N. C., 6; Irvin v. Clark, 98 N. C., 437.\nIt is contended for some of the appellants, children of the grantees in remainder who are now living, and were at tbe death of tbe life tenant, that they properly come within tbe meaning of the term \u201cdescendants\u201d as used in the deed, and should be allowed a proportionate share of the property; but, on the record and facts in evidence, the position cannot be sustained. The primary and linguistic definition of descendants refers to the lineal issue or heirs of a dead and not a living parent or ancestor, and, when the term is used in reference to tenure of property and without anything to change or modify the ordinary meaning, authority is to the effect that it refers to persons upon whom the law has cast the property by descent, and includes only the lineal issue of a deceased ancestor. Parish v. Mills, 101 Texas, 276; Dixon v. Pendleton, 90 S. C., 8; Rembert v. Vetoe, 89 S. C., 198; Duncan v. Clark, 90 S. E., Current No. 3, p. 180.\nThere is not only nothing here to qualify the ordinary meaning of the word, but the evident purpose of the parties and the language of the instrument clearly refers to the property in reference to descent cast, and being to \u201cdescendants\u201d as a class, these and other eases seem to bold that the statute of descents should be resorted to for the purpose of ascertaining the interest to which the descendants are entitled, that is, whether they take per stirpes or per capita.\nThis question is not further pursued for reason that in the present instance there is only one living descendant of a deceased parent, to wit, Charles O\u2019Hagan Dancy, and his interest is therefore the same whether he takes in one view or the other. So far as the record discloses, the claimants, under conveyances from the children, remaindermen who were living at the death of the life tenant, and from Charles O\u2019Hagan Dancy, the only living descendant of a deceased child, are entitled to hold according to the tenor of their deeds, for, although by reason of the contingency, the estate they undertook to convey may not have been a transmissible interest at the time the deeds were executed, our decisions-hold that on the happening of the contingency the estate of the grantors, by proper conveyances, would pass by way of estoppel or rebutter. Buchanan v. Harrington, 141 N. C., 39; Foster v. Hachett, 112 N. C., 546; Watson v. Smith, 110 N. C., 6.\nApplying these principles to the facts in evidence and as agreed upon by the parties, it follows that Oscar E. Hooker is the owner of one-fifth interest in the property as grantee of W. C. Dancy; that Mangie James is the owner of two-fifths interest as the heir at law of James B. Cherry, grantee of Joseph and Josephine Dancy; that Elizabeth Goodwin is owner of one-fifth interest; that Harry Whedbee and Mattie E. King are each entitled to one-tenth interest as grantees of Charles O\u2019Hagan Dancy, the grandchild and only living descendant of a deceased child.\nThis will be certified, that judgment may be entered according to this opinion.\nReversed.", "type": "majority", "author": "Hoke, J." } ], "attorneys": [ "J. B. James for plaintiff.", "Winston & Biggs for J ames and Whedbee.", "Albion Dunn, Harry Slcinner, F. G. Harding for defendant.", "L. G. Cooper for the Dancys." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "F. G. JAMES et al. v. OSCAR HOOKER et al.\n(Filed 22 December, 1916.)\n1. Deeds and Conveyances \u2014 Interpretation\u2014Estates\u2014Contingent Interests\u2014 Tested Interests \u2014 Death of Life Tenant.\nA conveyance of land to the wife for life, with remainder over after the expiration of her life estate to the children of her present marriage, now or that are hereafter horn thereof, and the lawful descendants of said children, etc., \u201cthat are living at her death,\u201d does not convey a vested interest to the remaindermen at the time of its execution; but a contingent one, to be vested in such as are alive at the designated time and then fill the description.\n2. Deeds and Conveyances \u2014 Estates\u2014Contingent Interests \u2014 \u201cDescendants\u201d\u2014 Descent and Distribution.\nA life estate to the wife in lands, with remainder, to take effect at her death, to the children of the marriage, \u201cand the lawful descendants of said children,\u201d etc.: Held, the words \u201cdescendants of said children\u201d refer, nothing else appearing, to those upon whom the law would cast the property by descent, including the lineal issue of the deceased life tenant, and not her grandchildren, whose parents were alive at the time o'f the falling in of her estate.\n3. Deeds and Conveyances \u2014 Estates\u2014Contingent Interests \u2014 Estoppel\u2014Re-butter.\nWhere a conveyance of lands is upon contingent remainder to the children of the life tenant living at the time of her death, and theretofore some of them have attempted to convey their interests by deeds, as vested, and thereafter fulfill the conditions imposed by being alive at her death, the happening of the contingency passes the estate of the grantors by way of estoppel and rebutter.\nSpecial PROCEEDINGS to sell land for \u2022 partition, transferred to civil issue docket and heard on case agreed before Lyon, J., at November Term, 1916, of Pitt.\nThere was judgment making division of the property, and certain claimants whose interests were adversely affected excepted and appealed.\nJ. B. James for plaintiff.\nWinston & Biggs for J ames and Whedbee.\nAlbion Dunn, Harry Slcinner, F. G. Harding for defendant.\nL. G. Cooper for the Dancys." }, "file_name": "0780-01", "first_page_order": 846, "last_page_order": 849 }