{ "id": 8654178, "name": "JONES-ONSLOW LAND COMPANY v. J. S. and D. F. WOOTEN", "name_abbreviation": "Jones-Onslow Land Co. v. Wooten", "decision_date": "1919-03-28", "docket_number": "", "first_page": "248", "last_page": "251", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "177 N.C. 248" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.C.", "id": 9292, "name": "Supreme Court of North Carolina" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 5, "name_long": "North Carolina", "name": "N.C." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "146 N. C., 414", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11271550 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/146/0414-01" ] }, { "cite": "174 N. C., 284", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "173 N. C., 323", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11269982 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/173/0323-01" ] }, { "cite": "160 N. C., 347", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "140 N. C., 423", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "120 N. C., 169", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "153 N. C., 188", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11271911 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/153/0188-01" ] }, { "cite": "125 N. C., 185", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11273313 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/125/0185-01" ] }, { "cite": "106 N. C., 391", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8651439 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/106/0391-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 475, "char_count": 8824, "ocr_confidence": 0.456, "pagerank": { "raw": 2.9123685660620336e-07, "percentile": 0.8458979654798408 }, "sha256": "a97ee0f97f8631890f253e4400db28b40ab3285fcb89f8ffc3e90b95999de0d8", "simhash": "1:801865a5e7ae044c", "word_count": 1551 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T17:15:26.203458+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "JONES-ONSLOW LAND COMPANY v. J. S. and D. F. WOOTEN." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Clark, C. J.\nThis was a motion by J. S. Wooten, one of the defendants, to set aside a judgment by default final rendered at October Term, 1918, on the allegation that the judgment was irregular, and also on the \u2022ground of excusable neglect. There was no irregularity in taking the judgment, and upon the facts found the neglect of the defendant was not excusable.\nThis action was begun by the plaintiff alleging that it was in-possession and asking to set aside the claim of the defendant as a cloud upon title. The summons issued in June, 1913, returnable to Onslow. The \u2022complaint, duly verified, was filed at April Term, 1918. There was no \u2022answer filed at that term and the July Term of the court was not held. At October Term, 1918, no answer having been filed, the plaintiff took judgment by default final. The judge finds that the defendant originally employed T. 0. Wooten counsel, residing at Kinston, to defend him; that subsequently he dispensed with the services of said counsel, though it does not appear when, and employed J. Frank Wooten counsel, resident in Jacksonville, to attend to the case; that on 15 August, 1918, \u2022said J. Frank Wooten entered the army, but he had not entered an appearance in the action and had filed no answer. It does not appear that the defendant had paid any attention to the cause at all, though the \u2022complaint had been on file six months and his counsel two months previously had left the county to enter the army, which must have been a matter well known to him. This was not such conduct as a man of ordinary prudence would have given to his important business matters.\nIn Roberts v. Allman, 106 N. C., 391, it is held: \u201cIt is not enough that parties to a suit should engage counsel and leave it entirely in his charge. They should, in addition to this, give it that amount of attention which a man or ordinary prudence usually gives to his important business.\u201d This case cites many others to same effect and has itself been cited often since. See Anno. Ed. Besides, it is not necessary to discuss the point for there is no finding by the judge that the defendant has a meritorious defense nor would the facts found have sustained such finding.\nUnless the judge finds that there was excusable neglect, and this finding is correct as a matter of law, he is not authorized to set aside the-judgment. The facts found by him are conclusive if there is any evidence on which to base such finding of fact. Whether the facts found constitute excusable neglect or not is a matter of law and reviewable upon appeal.\n\u2022But even when the facts found justify a conclusion that the neglect was excusable, the court cannot set aside the judgment unless there is a meritorious defense. Norton v. McLaurin, 125 N. C., 185, where the subject is fully discussed with full citation of authorities. See, also, cases cited thereto in the Anno. Ed. In the recent case of Glisson v. Glisson, 153 N. C., 188, Brown, J., says: \u201cUnless the Court can now see reasonably that defendants had a good defense, or that they could make a good defense that would affect the judgment, why should it engage in the vain work of setting the judgment aside? Jeffries v. Aaron, 120 N. C., 169; Cherry v. Canal Co., 140 N. C., 423.\u201d This is cited with approval by Walker, J., Harris v. Bennett, 160 N. C., 347.\nIn the still more recent ease of Lumber Co. v. Cottingham, 173 N. C., 323, Walker, J., \u00e1fter citing and approving the analysis set out in Norton v. McLaurin, supra, says: \u201cIt would be idle to vacate a judgment if there is no real and substantial defense on the merits. But we need not decide as to this feature of the case, for there must be both excusable neglect and a meritorious defense as the cases cited by us will show.\u201d\nIn Crumpler v. Hines, 174 N. C., 284, Allen, J., citing many authorities, says: \u201cOne who asks to be relieved from a judgment on the ground of excusable neglect must show merit, as otherwise the court would be asked to do the vain thing of setting aside a judgment when it would be its duty to enter again the same judgment on motion of the adverse-party.\u201d _\n_ The judge further finds as facts that the plaintiff\u2019s and defendants\u2019' chain of title both cover the land in controversy; that defendants\u2019 chain of title is a grant, 10 March, 1898, mesne conveyances to T. C. Wooten,, who on 17 February, 1911, conveyed to the defendants by deed which was recorded 27 February, 1911. Also that the \u201cplaintiff\u2019s claim is. under grant issued about 1795, which covers land in controversy; also-under tax deeds, and connected with same by unbroken chain of title.\u201d And, also, that it acquired the T. C. Wooten title (under which defendants claim) by lien which attached prior to the said Wooten\u2019s deed to-defendants, by virtue of a regular sale under execution on a judgment against T. C. Wooten docketed in Onslow on 10 February, 1911, eleven days before tbe deed from said Wooten to the defendant was registered and seven days before it purports to have been executed.\nThere is not only no finding, or evidence set out in any affidavit to-justify such finding, of any actual possession by defendants or those under whom they claim; but even if they had been in actual possession from the date of the grant it would have been of no avail as the grant was issued after 1893, to wit, 10 March, 1898. Bev., 1699, provides: \u201cEvery grant of land made since 6 March, 1893, in pursuance of the statutes regulating entries and grants, shall, if such land or any portion thereof has been heretofore granted by this State, so far as relates tO' any such land heretofore granted, be absolutely void for all purposes whatsoever; shall confer no rights whatever upon the grantee or grantees-therein or those claiming under such grantee or grantees, and shall in no case and under no circumstances constitute any color of title to any person whomsoever.\u201d The statute was sustained in Weaver v. Love, 146 N. C., 414.\nUpon the facts found the defendant has not shown any meritorious defense and the judge has not so found. The judgment below must be\nBeversed.", "type": "majority", "author": "Clark, C. J." } ], "attorneys": [ "T. D. Warren and A. D. Ward for j\u00fcaintiff.", "Oowper, Whitaher & Hamme for defendants." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "JONES-ONSLOW LAND COMPANY v. J. S. and D. F. WOOTEN.\n(Filed 28 March, 1919.)\n1. Judgments \u2014 Default\u2014Irregular Judgments.\nA judgment by default final taken in a suit to remove a cloud upon the title to the plaintiff\u2019s lands after summons has been duly issued and served, complaint filed without answer, etc., after several terms of the court have elapsed at which the cause was triable, is not irregularly entered or contrary to the course and practice of the courts.\n2. Appeal and Error \u2014 Judgments Set Aside \u2014 Findings\u2014Excusable Neglect \u2014Meritorious Defense.\nIn setting aside a final judgment for excusable neglect it must be properly made to appear on appeal that the negligence was excusable, and also that .the defendant had a meritorious defense, with findings by the trial judge on both of these matters; and while his findings of fact are conclusive when supported by evidence, the questions of whether they or each of them are sufficient to constitute the required grounds are matters of law and reviewable on appeal.\n3. Judgments Set Aside \u2014 Attorney and Client \u2014 Laches\u2014Duty of Client.\nA defendant is not relieved of laches for failing to file his answer, or to see that the action is properly looked after, merely because he has employed an attorney for that purpose; and where the action has been duly commenced and complaint filed it is not excusable neglect sufficient to set aside a judgment by default final for want of an answer for him to show that he had employed an attorney to defend him, who was drafted into the army two months after the answer should have been filed and two terms of court had since passed before the judgment complained of had been entered.\n4. Judgments Set Aside \u2014 Meritorious Defense \u2014 Evidence.\nThe defense is not sufficiently meritorious to set aside a judgment final for want of an answer in a suit to remove a cloud upon the title to the plaintiff\u2019s land when it appears that both parties claim under grants and mesne conveyances from the State; that the plaintiff\u2019s grant was prior to defendant, and that he had also acquired the title of the defendant\u2019s grantor prior to the execution and registration of Ms deed.\n5. State\u2019s Land \u2014 Grants\u2014Junior Grants \u2014 Possession\u2014Color of Title \u2014 Statutes.\nPossession of State\u2019s land under a junior grant made since 1S9S confers no rights upon the grantee or grantees therein, nor does such junior grant constitute color of title. Revisal, sec. 1699.\nAppeal by plaintiff from Allen, J., at December Term, 1918, of 'ONSLOW.\nTbis is an appeal from an order' setting aside a prior judgment by default final obtained by the plaintiff. The facts are found in detail by the judge.\nT. D. Warren and A. D. Ward for j\u00fcaintiff.\nOowper, Whitaher & Hamme for defendants." }, "file_name": "0248-01", "first_page_order": 306, "last_page_order": 309 }