{ "id": 8599745, "name": "STATE v. C. A. MEYERS", "name_abbreviation": "State v. Meyers", "decision_date": "1925-10-07", "docket_number": "", "first_page": "239", "last_page": "243", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "190 N.C. 239" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.C.", "id": 9292, "name": "Supreme Court of North Carolina" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 5, "name_long": "North Carolina", "name": "N.C." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "177 N. C., 551", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8654938 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "554" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/177/0551-01" ] }, { "cite": "178 N. C., 693", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11273901 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/178/0693-01" ] }, { "cite": "168 N. C., 130", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8657816 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/168/0130-01" ] }, { "cite": "164 N. C., 533", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8659081 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/164/0533-01" ] }, { "cite": "70 Neb., 722", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Neb.", "case_ids": [ 591070 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/neb/70/0722-01" ] }, { "cite": "11 Iowa, 245", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Iowa", "case_ids": [ 2276870 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/iowa/11/0245-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 521, "char_count": 11438, "ocr_confidence": 0.438, "pagerank": { "raw": 1.0643696212117124e-06, "percentile": 0.9846294127572689 }, "sha256": "98fe7c15b81ab64c0409ec56f1c26b52258e401f505a3ba12839627c9f9bb65c", "simhash": "1:b1c146f7ea46304d", "word_count": 2039 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T22:38:29.672014+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "STATE v. C. A. MEYERS." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Varser, J.\nThere was no error in refusing defendant\u2019s motion to dismiss as upon nonsuit. The evidence was sufficient to be submitted to the jury upon the question of the possession, and of unlawful transportation of intoxicating liquors. The evidence is largely circumstantial, but sufficient to take these issues to the jury.\nThe exception, however, to the charge of the court, as disclosed in the statement of case on appeal agreed upon by the solicitor and counsel for the defendant, presents a more serious question. The defendant\u2019s plea of not- guilty puts in issue every element of the unlawful possession of intoxicating liquors.\nThe defendant\u2019s rental of the Tart place for the year 1924, for the purpose of cultivation, and his knowledge that the liquor was in the ditch, are evidence material to and to be considered on the issue of possession of the liquor. The jury may find them sufficient to support the State\u2019s allegation. Standing alone, however, these facts do not, necessarily, constitute the possession condemned by the statute. Possession usually implies detention or control, or the right thereto. The possession may be in one person for another, or in one for several, or in several for another, or for themselves, and others not actually present, or however distant from the whiskey itself. Possession is the retention or enjoyment of a thing which a man. holds or exercises by himself or by another who keeps or exercises it in his name. Redfield v. Utica and S. R. Co., 25 Barb. (N. Y.), 58; S. v. Washburn, 11 Iowa, 245; McMahon v. State, 70 Neb., 722.\nIn S. v. Washburn, supra, defendant was indicted for having in possession counterfeit coin, and the court charged the jury that, if the defendant placed the coin and has the control and can take it into his actual possession at his pleasure, then this is possession within the meaning of the statute.\nIf the liquor was within the power of the defendant, in such a sense that he could and did command its use, the possession was as complete within the meaning of the statute as if his possession had been actual.\nThe possession may, within this statute, be either actual, or constructive. S. v. Lee, 164 N. C., 533; S. v. Ross, 168 N. C., 130; S. v. Baldwin, 178 N. C., 693; S. v. Bush, 177 N. C., 551, 554. If a man procures another to obtain liquor for him and put it in a given place, and the other performs this agreement and places the liquor, then the possession is complete. A person may be in the possession of the article which he has not at the moment about his person. 31 Cye., 924. The Turlington Act \u201cshall be liberally construed to the end that the use of intoxicating liquor as a beverage may be prevented.\u201d There the constructive possession, as well as the actual possession, is in the contemplation of the statute.\nIn S. v. Ross, supra, the holding as to direction of a verdict is easily distinguishable from the case at bar. There the cocaine was in the actual possession, and under the physical control and protection of the defendant, and in a secret place made for it in his house. The defendant, Meyers, contends, and offers evidence bearing on his contention, that he had not been in close proximity to the liquor in the ditch, and that it was not his property or under his control in any manner, and that the tracks indicated that the approach was from a direction opposite to that from his dwelling, while the State\u2019s evidence tended to show guilt on Meyers\u2019 part. However, the holding in the Ross case, supra, as to actual and constructive possession, is clearly applicable- to' the case at bar.\nUpon the instant record, the question of possession being a mixed question of law and fact, we are unable to approve the charge excepted to, and, therefore, there must be a\nNew trial.", "type": "majority", "author": "Varser, J." } ], "attorneys": [ "Attorney-General Brummitt and Assistant Attorney-General Nash for the State.", "G. L. Guy and Butler & Herring for defendant." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "STATE v. C. A. MEYERS.\n(Filed 7 October, 1925.)\n1. Intoxicating Liquor \u2014 Evidence\u2014Turlington Act \u2014 Nonsuit.\nA motion for nonsuit upon tbe evidence on tbe trial for a violation of tbe prohibition law, will be denied when, though circumstantial, it is sufficient upon the question of possession and unlawful transportation of intoxicating liquor.\n2. Same \u2014 -Possession\u2014Instructions\u2014Appeal and Error.\nThe possession of spirituous liquor in contemplation of the Turlington Act may be either actual or constructive, but must be such as to place it within the control or use of the defendant upon trial, and it is insufficient if it was found upon lands he had leased, with his knowledge of its having been there; and an instruction to the jury otherwise is reversible error.\nAppeal by defendant from SampsoN Superior Court. Lyon, J.\nIndictment for violation of prohibition law, and from a judgment pronounced upon a verdict of guilty, the defendant app'eals. . New trial.\nThe defendant was charged with possessing, transporting, exporting, importing, purchasing and receiving intoxicating liquors in violation of the Turlington Act, which is chapter 1, Public Laws 1923.\nThe State\u2019s evidence tended to show that two officers, Honeycutt and Tew, searched the defendant\u2019s premises for intoxicating liquors three times; the first search on Sunday in August, 1923, resulted in finding nothing; on a Monday in September they searched again the premises and found no whiskey this time, but did find an impression on the ground in 15 \u00a1steps, and in the rear, of the# defendant\u2019s barn. This impression was like that of a jug. The defendant was not then at home. The third search was in November; the defendant was present and they found no evidence of liquor in his dwelling or outbuildings, but did find a track leading from the barn, which was on the other side of the public road from the dwelling, and this track went from the barn down to his hog lot in a mulberry orchard down beside the public road in a corner of his field near to Mrs. D'enning\u2019s field. This track from the barn down beside the hog lot led on to Mrs. Denning\u2019s line fence; there a woman\u2019s track was coming toward the public road, joining the other tracks, and these tracks went down beside the line fence on defendant\u2019s side of the line fence to a ditch in defendant\u2019s field. This ditch was some 75 yards from the hog lot and about 100 yards from the public road. The tracks thence led down the ditch about 20 yards from the line fence; and these officers, following the tracks, found there a three^gallon jug in. the ditch, about two gallons of whiskey in the jug. The ditch and the jug were about 150 yards from defendant\u2019s dwelling on the lands that he had rented from one Tart for that year. The officers did not find any tracks from the jug in the ditch to defendant\u2019s house or barn. Further down- the same ditch they found a five-gallon jug in an old fertilizer sack near the end of the bridge over the ditch. This jug had only the odor of whiskey in it.\nOne Blackman testified that, on the day in September when the officers searched defendant\u2019s premises, he visited the premises and found a three-gallon jug, about half full of whiskey, in the pea vines about 15 steps just back of defendant\u2019s barn, and there were tracks leading to and from the jug -towards the barn. This jug was where the impression on the ground was discovered by the two officers.\nThere was evidence tending to show defendant\u2019s bad character.\nThe defendant\u2019s evidence tended to show, as testified by defendant himself, that he was a tenant farmer, 35 years old; rented the farm from Tart in 1924, and that he did not drink or sell whiskey, and did not have any; that the officers came to his home in August and wanted to search his premises and he told them to search all they wanted to; that they searched his buildings and found no whiskey; that in September when they came back they searched his buildings again and found nothing, except the print in his cornfield of a bucket where his wife was gathering roasting ears; that in November when the officers came and wanted to search he told them to proceed, and that they opened up his buildings and found nothing; that Mr. Honeycutt went from his barn down to the mulberry orchard where the defendant had formerly come to and from feeding his hogs. The mulberry orchard is about 200 yards down the public road at the corner of the field next to the road and Mrs. Denning\u2019s fence; that the officer then went about 45 yards down the fence to a ditch and came back with a two-gallon jug half full of corn whiskey, which he said he found in the ditch about 12 feet from Mrs. Denning\u2019s fence. Defendant said he knew nothing about the whiskey and had not been at that ditch or in the field near to the ditch since May, when he cut oats. The field was not cultivated after the oats were cut; that he saw the tracks from the public road leading to and from the jug, but they were not his tracks, they were larger. These tracks led from the public road near Mr. Jones\u2019 residence, 205 yards down the road from his home. These tracks came down beside the fence on the Denning side and got over the fence into the field at the ditch where the jug was. Several other people saw these tracks. There were no tracks across the oat patch leading up to the house. There was a marriage at his house on Saturday night before the liquor was found Monday morning. His brother-in-law, who lived with him, got married. There was a crowd there Saturday night late and some were drinking and he made two men leave. He did not know where they got their liquor; did not see any or drink any. There was an orchard on this place and his wife had some fruit jars in the house in which to can the fruit; they were new jars, and never had any whiskey in them. His wife was unable to attend the trial.\nR. A. Denning testified that he put the jug in the sack under the bridge; that he was going to Coats for syrup and Mrs. Meyers, who was in the field cutting corn, told him that Coats\u2019 syrup was sour and could not be used; that he stopped and helped her cut corn and set the jug under the bridge; that it was about 10 September when he left his jug there; that he was over to defendant\u2019s house when defendant\u2019s wife was gathering roasting ears in the field; that she set a water bucket on tbe ground and be helped ber fill it witb roasting ears. That was the day Honeycutt came and saw the print of the bucket in the field.\nThere was. other testimony tending to show defendant\u2019s contention as to the tracks, and that defendant\u2019s character is good.\nThe court charged the jury as follows:\n\u201cThe defendant is indicted on three counts, one for the unlawful possession of intoxicating liquors for the purpose of sale, and the second for unlawful transporting, exporting, and importing intoxicating liquors, and third for unlawful receiving, having on hand and possessing liquors under the statute.\n\u201cTheie is evidence on the part of the State that the defendant had possession of this farm, cultivating it for the year 1924, and that this jug with liquor in it was in a ditch on this farm, and was therefore in the possession of the defendant, and if that whiskey was there to the knowledge of the defendant and you so find beyond a reasonable doubt, then I charge you that the defendant would be guilty and you should return a verdict of guilty under the bill of indictment.\u201d\nThe defendant excepted to this charge, and to the refusal of the court to dismiss as upon nonsuit.\nAttorney-General Brummitt and Assistant Attorney-General Nash for the State.\nG. L. Guy and Butler & Herring for defendant." }, "file_name": "0239-01", "first_page_order": 343, "last_page_order": 347 }