#### W. B. SMITH v. WESTCHESTER FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, W. B. BARROW and A. HALL JOHNSTON.

(Filed 14 June, 1933.)

Removal of Causes C lb — Cause is removable if separate cause of action is alleged against nonresident.

A nonresident is entitled to the removal of the cause to the Federal Court if the complaint fails to state a cause of action against the resident defendant, or, if from an examination of the complaint, it appears that a separate cause of action is alleged against the nonresident, and the mere allegation of concurrent negligence will not defeat the right of removal.

Civil action, before Moore, J. From Henderson.

Tbe plaintiff instituted an action to recover tbe proceeds of a fire insurance policy issued by tbe defendant insurance company, insuring tbe residence of plaintiff, which was destroyed by fire on or about 1 January, 1929. In apt time a petition for removal was filed by tbe nonresident defendant praying a removal of tbe cause to tbe Federal Court upon tbe ground of separability. Tbe clerk entered an order of removal and upon appeal to tbe judge of tbe Superior Court tbe order of tbe clerk was approved and tbe cause removed to tbe District Court of tbe United States for tbe 'Western District of North Carolina. From tbe order of removal plaintiff appealed.

*771 Welch Galloway for plaintiff.

B. B. Williams for defendant, Fire Insurance Company.

Pee. Cukiam.

When a nonresident defendant and a resident of this State are sued in a State court the nonresident is entitled to remove .the cause to the Federal Court in the event the complaint fails to state a cause of action against the resident defendant. Even if concurrent negligence is alleged in the complaint, but at the same time it appears from an interpretation and examination of the substance thereof that the charge of concurrent negligence is no more than a hostile gesture or noisy allegation, the right of removal is not thereby defeated or impaired. This Court spoke upon the subject in Brown v. R. R., ante, 25. The opinion declares: “But however this may be, in addition to charges of concurrent negligence on the part of both defendants, which the movant says is only a conclusion of the pleader, there is also in the present complaint allegation of negligence on the part of the nonresident defendant alone, sufficient in and of itself to constitute a distinct and independent cause of action, which gives rise to a separable controversy.” The Brown case rules the case at bar, and the order of removal made by the trial judge is approved.

Affirmed.