#### CLIFTON WINDLEY and STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA ex Rel. CLIFTON WINDLEY v. D. W. LUPTON and AMERICAN SURETY COMPANY OF NEW YORK, and GURNEY P. HOOD, Commissioner of Banks, and THAD EURE, Escheat Officer.

(Filed 13 October, 1937.)

1. Banks and Banking §§ IS, 19 — After filing final report, 'Commissioner of Banks may not be held liable on claims against the bank.

A check was delivered to defendant deputy sheriff as appearance bond in a criminal action. The check was paid by the drawee bank and the funds credited to the deputy’s account in the bank collecting the check, which bank later became insolvent and closed its doors, and the deputy’s claim for the amount of the check was allowed as an unsecured claim and dividends thereon paid. Judgment was entered in the criminal action that the amount of the bond should be returned to the bondsman, and the deputy paid the bondsman the dividends paid by the Commissioner of Banks. The Commissioner of Banks completed liquidation and filed his final report, C. S., 218 (18), as amended by ch. 113, Public Laws of 1927. This action was instituted by the bondsman against the deputy and the surety on the sheriff’s bond to recover the unpaid balance on the appearance bond, and the Commissioner of Banks was joined as a defendant upon the original defendants’ cross action against him, upon allegations that the claim should have been paid as a preferred claim. Held: The action was properly dismissed as to the Commissioner of Banks, since the completion of the liquidation of the bank and the filing of the statutory report relieved him of all liability to the deputy on the claim against the bank.

2. Banks and Banking § 19: Escheat § 1 — Funds apportioned to unproven claims are held in escheat subject solely to rights of those claimants.

Funds representing amounts apportioned to claimants of an insolvent bank who failed to prove their claims, C. S., 218 (22), which are turned over to the Secretary of State as escheat officer, C. S., 5786, are not assets of the liquidated bank, but are to be held-by the University, subject solely to the rights of those who failed to prove their claims, and a depositor who proved his claim and received dividends thereon as a common claim may not hold the escheat officer liable for the balance unpaid on his claim upon his contention that the claim should have been paid in full as a preferred claim.

Appeal by Tbad Eure, Escbeat Officer, from Frizzelle, Jat October Term, 1937, of Beaufobt.

Reversed.

Tbis action was begun in tbe Superior Court of Beaufort County on 7 November, 1935.

On tbe facts alleged in tbe complaint, tbe plaintiff Clifton Windley prays judgment tbat be recover of tbe defendants L>. "W". Lupton, deputy sheriff of Beaufort County, and American Surety Company of New York, surety on tbe official bonds of the sheriffs of said county, by whom *168tbe said D. W. Lupton was appointed deputy sheriff, the sum of $224.00, and interest on tbe sum of $260.00 from 26 January, 1932, until 1 December, 1934, at the rate of 12 per cent, and interest on the sum of $224.00 from 1 December, 1934, until paid, at the rate of 12 per cent, and the costs of the action.

After the complaint was filed, on motion of the defendants D. W. Lupton and American Surety Company of New York, Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Banks, and Thad Eure, Escheat Officer, were made parties defendant to the action on 13 December, 1935. ■

In their answer the defendants D. W. Lupton and American Surety Company of New York admitted the material allegations of the complaint, and on the facts alleged, in their cross action against their co-defendants, Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Banks, and Thad Eure, Escheat Officer, prayed judgment that they recover of their said co-defendants such sum or sums as the plaintiff should recover of them, or of either of them, in this action.

After he had filed an answer to the cross action alleged against him in the answer of his codefendants D. W. Lupton and American Surety Company of Now York, the defendant Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Banks, moved that the action of the plaintiff and the cross action of his codefendants be dismissed as to him. The motion was allowed, and both the action of the plaintiffs and the cross action of the defendants D. W. Lupton and American Surety Company of New York was dismissed as to the defendant Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Banks.

After he had filed an answer to the cross action alleged against him in the answer of his codefendants D. W. Lupton and American Surety Company of New York, the defendant Thad Eure, Escheat Officer, moved that the action of the plaintiff and the cross action of his code-fendant be dismissed as to him. The motion was denied and the defendant Thad Eure, Escheat Officer, duly excepted.

When the action was called for trial, a trial by jury of the issues raised by the pleadings was waived by the parties. It was agreed by them that the court should hear the evidence and find the facts. In accordance with this agreement, the court heard the evidence and found the facts to be substantially as follows:

1. On or about 1 April, 1931, the defendant D. W. Lupton, a deputy sheriff of Beaufort County, under a criminal warrant in his hands, arrested one Willie Daw, and held him in custody under said criminal warrant pending the trial of the action in which the warrant was issued.

2. While the said Willie Daw was in the custody of said defendant Dl W. Lupton, the plaintiff Clifton Windley drew his check on the Bank of Washington for the sum of $400.00. The said check was payable to the order of the said D. W. Lupton and was accepted by him in *169lieu of bond for the appearance of Willie Daw at the trial of the criminal action in which the warrant had been issued. Upon his acceptance of said check, the defendant D. W. Lupton released the said Willie Daw from custody.

3. The defendant D. W. Lupton endorsed the cheek delivered to him by the plaintiff and deposited it with the Farmers Bank of Belhaven, on 29 April, 1931, for collection. The check was duly forwarded by the Farmers Bank of Belhaven to the Bank of Washington, and was paid by the Bank of Washington on 4 May, 1931. The amount of said check was charged by the Bank of Washington to the account of the plaintiff Clifton Windley, and was duly remitted to the Farmers Bank of Bel-haven, and by said Farmers Bank credited to the account of the defendant D; W. Lupton. No notice was given by said Farmers Bank to the said D. W. Lupton that the check had been paid by the Bank of Washington, or that its amount had been' credited to his account with the Farmers Bank of Belhaven.

4. On or about 20 May, 1931, the Farmers Bank of Belhaven closed because of its insolvency, and Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Banks, took possession of said Farmers Bank for the purpose of liquidating its assets, as required by statute, and at once entered upon such liquidation.

o. After the said Gurney P. Iiood, Commissioner of Banks, had taken possession of the Farmers Bank of Belhaven, the defendant D. W. Lupton was informed that plaintiff's check for $400.00, payable to his order, had been paid by the Bank of Washington, and that the amount of said cheek had been credited to his account. Immediately upon learning that the amount of said cheek had been credited to his account by the Farmers Bank of Belhaven, prior to its insolvency, the defendant D. W. Lupton informed the liquidating agent of Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Banks, of all the facts with reference to his deposit of said check with the said Farmers Bank of Belhaven. He was advised by said liquidating agent to file a claim for the amount, due him by the said Farmers Bank, as a depositor, including the sum of $400.00, the proceeds of the cheek which he had deposited with said bank for collection-. In accordance with said advice, and pursuant to the instructions of said liquidating agent, the defendant D. W. Lupton, on 13 June, 1931, filed with Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Banks, his claim against the Farmers Bank of Belhaven, for the sum of $907.83. This claim was duly allowed by the said Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Banks, as a common claim against the Farmers Bank of Belhaven, and a certificate to that effect was duly issued to' the defendant D. W. Lupton by the liquidating agent of the said Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Banks.

6. At January Term, 1932, of the Superior Court of Beaufort County, an order was entered in the action entitled “State v. Willie Daw,” then *170pending in said court, that the defendant D. W. Lupton return to the plaintiff Clifton Windley the sum of $400.00, paid to him by the said Windley in lieu of an appearance bond for the said Willie Daw.

7. On or before 1 December, 1934, Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Banks, paid to the defendant D. W. Lupton, as dividends on his claim against the Farmers Bank of Belhaven, the sums of $140.00, and $36.00, which were promptly paid by the defendant D. W. Lupton to the plaintiff Clifton Windley, on account of the amount deposited with him by the plaintiff in lieu of an appearance bond for Willie Daw.

8. The defendant American Surety Company of New York was the surety on the official bond of the sheriff of Beaufort County, at the date of the receipt by the defendant D. W. Lupton from the plaintiff of the sum of $400.00, and also at the date of the order of the judge of the Superior Court of Beaufort County that said defendant return said sum to the plaintiff. At both dates, the defendant D. W. Lupton was a duly appointed deputy sheriff of Beaufort County.

9. The liquidation of the Farmers Bank of Belhaven was completed by Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Banks, prior to 27 May, 1935, and the sum of $1,170.40, then in his hands as the aggregate amount of dividends due to persons who had failed to file their claims, was paid by him into the office of the clerk of the Superior Court of Beaufort County, as required by statute.

On 27 May, 1935, the clerk of the Superior Court of Beaufort County delivered to the defendant Thad Eure, as agent of the University of North Carolina, his cheek on the Bank of Washington for the sum of $1,170.40. This check was payable to the University of North Carolina. The amount of the check is held by the University of North Carolina as provided by section 5786 of the Consolidated Statutes of North Carolina.

On the foregoing facts, the court was of opinion that the defendant D. W. Lupton was entitled to the payment of his claim for $400.00 against the Farmers Bank of Belhaven as a preferred claim, and so adjudged.

. On the foregoing facts, the court was further of the opinion that under the provisions of section 357 of the Consolidated Statutes of North Carolina the plaintiff is entitled to recover of the defendant D. W. Lupton and of the defendant American Surety. Company of New York, interest at the rate of 12 per cent on the sum received from the plaintiff by the said D. W. Lupton as deputy sheriff.

Accordingly, it was ordered and adjudged by the court:

(1) That the plaintiff recover of the defendant D. W. Lupton, as principal, and of the defendant American Surety Company of New York, as surety, the sum of $224.00, and interest on the sum of $260.00 *171from 26 January, 1932, until 1 December, 1934, at tbe rate of 12 per cent per annum, and interest on tbe sum of $224.00 from 1 December, 1934, until paid, at tbe rate of 12 per cent per annum, together with tbe costs of bis action, to be taxed by tbe clerk.

(2) That tbe defendants D. "W. Lupton and American Surety Company of New York recover of tbe defendant Tbad Eure as Escheat Officer of tbe State of North Carolina, tbe sum of $224.00, with interest on said sum from 27 May, 1935, until paid, at tbe rate of 6 per cent per annum, together with tbe costs of their cross action, to be taxed by tbe clerk.

Tbe defendant Tbad Eure, Escheat Officer, appealed from tbe judgment to tbe Supreme Court, assigning errors in tbe trial and in tbe judgment.

M. G. Paul for plaintiff.

Grimes & Grimes for defendants D. W. Lupton and American Surety Company of New Yorlc.

Attorney-General Seawell and Assistant Attorney-General Bruton for defendant Thad Bure, Escheat Officer.

CoNNOR, J.

Subsection 18 of section 218 of tbe Consolidated Statutes of North Carolina, as amended by chapter 113, Public Laws of North Carolina, 1927, now reads as follows:

> “If tbe assets of any bank, when fully collected by tbe Commissioner of Banks, are not sufficient to pay tbe depositors and creditors of said bank, tbe Commissioner of Banks, after be shall have fully distributed as herein provided tbe sums so collected, then be shall cause to be filed in tbe office of tbe clerk of tbe Superior Court in the pending action a full and complete report of all bis transactions in said liquidation; and tbe filing of such report shall act as a full and complete discharge of tbe Commissioner of Banks from all liabilities by reason of tbe liquidation of tbe bank.”

In tbe instant case, Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Banks, bad fully completed tbe liquidation of tbe Farmers Bank of Belkaven, and had finally .distributed all its assets in bis bands among tbe depositors and creditors of said Farmers Bank, by dividends apportioned to each claim, prior to tbe commencement of this action. He bad filed bis report as required by statute, and was therefore discharged of any further liability to tbe defendant D. W. Lupton on account of bis claim against tbe Farmers Bank of Belhaven. For this reason, tbe...cross action of tbe defendants D. W. Lupton and American Surety Company of New York was properly dismissed as to Gurney P. Hood-, Commissioner of Banks.

*172After tbe said cross action bad been dismissed as to Gurney P. Hood, Commissioner of Bánks, tbe court bad no jurisdiction of tbe cross action against tbe defendant Tbad Eure, Escheat Officer. C. S., 218, subsection 22. There was error in tbe refusal of tbe court to allow tbe motion of tbe defendant Tbad Eure, Escheat Officer, that tbe cross action be dismissed as to him.

In no event were tbe defendants D. W. Lupton and American Surety Company of New York entitled to judgment against tbe defendant Tbad Eure, Escheat Officer, on tbe facts found by tbe court. Tbe money paid to Thad Eure as Escheat Officer and agent of tbe University of North Carolina, was not an asset of tbe Farmers Bank of Belbaven, subject to tbe claim of tbe defendant D. "W". Lupton. It was tbe aggregate amount of dividends apportioned to .claimants against said Farmers Bank and is held by tbe University of North Carolina, subject to tbe payment of their claims. C. S., 5786. In re Bank of Ayden, 206 N. C., 821, 175 S. E., 177.

Tbe judgment in this action against the defendant Tbad Eure, Escheat Officer, is

Reversed.