{ "id": 8628829, "name": "MARY B. GORHAM v. THE PACIFIC MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA", "name_abbreviation": "Gorham v. Pacific Mutual Life Insurance", "decision_date": "1939-03-08", "docket_number": "", "first_page": "195", "last_page": "200", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "215 N.C. 195" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.C.", "id": 9292, "name": "Supreme Court of North Carolina" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 5, "name_long": "North Carolina", "name": "N.C." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "214 N. C., 526", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8631734 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/nc/214/0526-01" ] }, { "cite": "179 S. E., 801", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "208 N. C., 178", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8598363 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/208/0178-01" ] }, { "cite": "116 S. E., 86", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "185 N. C., 93", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8655401 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/185/0093-01" ] }, { "cite": "47 S. E., 6", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "134 N. C., 184", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11272744 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/134/0184-01" ] }, { "cite": "172 S. E., 500", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "205 N. C., 801", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8631608 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/205/0801-01" ] }, { "cite": "80 N. C., 474", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8697295 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/80/0474-01" ] }, { "cite": "84 N. C., 836", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8698814 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/84/0836-01" ] }, { "cite": "87 N. C., 503", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8696177 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/87/0503-01" ] }, { "cite": "19 S. E., 154", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "114 N. C., 831", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "112 N. C., 857", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8652150 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/112/0857-01" ] }, { "cite": "76 S. E., 245", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "160 N. C., 352", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11271634 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/160/0352-01" ] }, { "cite": "109 S. E., 43", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "182 N. C., 325", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8655920 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/182/0325-01" ] }, { "cite": "135 S. E., 339", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "192 N. C., 475", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8623768 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/192/0475-01" ] }, { "cite": "154 S. E., 746", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "199 N. C., 462", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8604821 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/199/0462-01" ] }, { "cite": "173 S. E., 310", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "174 S. E., 123", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "206 N. C., 257", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8629719 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/206/0257-01" ] }, { "cite": "175 S. E., 836", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "207 N. C., 6", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8621595 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/207/0006-01" ] }, { "cite": "196 S. E., 831", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "213 N. C., 533", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8629075 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/213/0533-01" ] }, { "cite": "212 N. C., 640", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "214 N. C., 509", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8631612 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/214/0509-01" ] }, { "cite": "110 S. E., 608", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "183 N. C., 48", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8655205 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/183/0048-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 737, "char_count": 15190, "ocr_confidence": 0.471, "pagerank": { "raw": 1.3930512027608925e-07, "percentile": 0.6431884638834156 }, "sha256": "6cb4ba08f18fa204ee665389ba8433818515df91a92776b101a593967aa3a7ad", "simhash": "1:542452973be5a8da", "word_count": 2680 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T22:25:15.554902+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "BabNiiill, J\"., did not participate in tbe rehearing of this case." ], "parties": [ "MARY B. GORHAM v. THE PACIFIC MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Staoy, O. J.\nTbe burden of tbe petition to rebear is tbat tbe Court bas misinterpreted tbe record, or, if not, tbe record should be corrected and clarified to make it speak tbe truth, and as tbus amended,' reconsidered. In its initial allegation tbe petition is not unlike tbe one filed in Cook v. Mfg. Co., 183 N. C., 48, 110 S. E., 608. Beyond tbis tbe analogy ceases.\nFirst. Exception is taken to tbe bolding tbat tbe theory of tbe trial precluded any consideration on appeal of whether tbe case was one for tbe jury on tbe issue of accidental death or death through accidental means, and to the statement tbat in respect of tbis matter tbe defendant had executed a volte face between tbe trial and appellate courts. Defendant asserts that it bas consistently and at all times urged a nonsuit on tbe dual grounds of suicide and failure to give immediate notice of insured\u2019s death, and that tbe judgment was entered on both grounds.\nAs to this, let tbe record speak. It imports verity and we are bound by it. S. v. Dee, 214 N. C., 509. At tbe close of plaintiff\u2019s evidence, tbe defendant interposed a motion for judgment as in case of nonsuit, which was overruled. The court and counsel then engaged in tbe following discussion:\n\u201cBy tbe court: Now, our Supreme Court, in a case in 212 N. C., 640, recently bas held tbat where a suit is brought upon an insurance policy which insures generally against all forms of death, except suicide, the insurer bas the burden of proof to satisfy the jury if it can, by the preponderance of tbe evidence, if it can, of the exception, that it is suicide. So far as I know, our Court has not passed upon the question of the burden of proof in an accident policy which insures only against accidental death. The court is of the opinion that in a case of this character the burden of proof is upon the plaintiff to satisfy the jury by the greater weight of the evidence, if it can, that the death was accidental. That is a condition precedent to liability. Now, in addition to that, the Court has used this language and particularly the Supreme Court of the United States \u2014 the fact of violent death, without more, creates a presumption, or if it does not create a presumption, it creates an inference of death by accident rather than by suicide, and if it does and that inference or that presumption is not rebutted by the plaintiff\u2019s evidence, it would appear it is a case for the jury. Now, if you gentlemen wish to debate the proposition of law that I have.laid down, I would be very glad to hear you, and then you can also state the facts. I call on Mr. Winslow first. If you think that is the correct law then I will hear from you if there is sufficient evidence to rebut the presumption or inference.\n\u201cBy Mr. Winslow: I think you are right on the law.\n\u201cBy the Court: Do you gentlemen wish to debate the law?\n\u201cBy Mr. Davenport: We think you have the law. We have two cases that elaborate on your Honor\u2019s statement of it. That is our contention.\n\u201cBy the Court: I am not asking either side to abide by my statement of the law, but both of you are of the opinion now that the law stated by the court is correct.\n\u201cCOUNSEL FOR BOTH THE PLAINTIFF AND THE DEFENDANT STATE THAT IT IS.\u201d\nThe foregoing is all that appears in the record on the subject. It was inserted by the trial court at the time of settling case on appeal when he allowed the defendant\u2019s 10th exception to plaintiff\u2019s \u201cstatement of case,\u201d and it should have appeared \u201cimmediately after the motion for nonsuit and before the overruling of the motion.\u201d The transcript discloses no subsequent reversal or modification of the announcement. Nor does it contain any suggestion that in the opinion of the court the permissible inference arising from the evidence of violent death was later rebutted by plaintiff\u2019s rebuttal testimony. The printing of the last sentence or paragraph in large type rather indicated a purpose to emphasize the fact therein stated as an important circumstance in the case, or at least that it was one which should not be overlooked.\nWe are told in defendant\u2019s brief, and the matter was called to our attention on the argument, that \u201cthe defendant wanted the judgment of tlie trial judge included in tlie record but it was excluded by the judge upon settlement of tlie ease on appeal on tbe ground that the plaintiff ought not to have to pay for printing it and upon the statement, assented to by plaintiff\u2019s counsel, Mr. Yarborough, that the defendant might print the same in its brief if it so desired.\u201d\nThat portion of the judge\u2019s remarks, thus incorporated in the defendant\u2019s brief by consent of plaintiff\u2019s counsel, appears in the dissenting opinion on pages 537 and 538 of the 214 Report. These remarks refer exclusively to the failure to give notice. Hence, taking these latter remarks of the judge in connection with his previous announcement that the permissible inference arising from the evidence of violent death, unless rebutted by plaintiff\u2019s evidence, would seem to require the aid of a jury on the issue of accidental death or death through accidental means, readily acquiesced in by counsel on both sides as a correct statement of the law, we think the interpretation heretofore placed upon the record is, not only the one naturally induced thereby, but also the one fully supported by the record as it appears. Indeed, it may be doubted whether the record admits of any other interpretation. The denial of the motion to nonsuit at the close of plaintiff\u2019s evidence necessarily involved the holding that plaintiff\u2019s evidence had not rebutted the permissible inference of accidental death or death through accidental means arising from the evidence of violent death. Then when it later appeared from the remarks of the judge as quoted in defendant\u2019s brief that in his opinion the plaintiff had \u201cfatally failed to give notice ... of loss,\u201d the interpretation seemed irresistible. Having concluded that plaintiff\u2019s failure to give immediate notice of the death' of the insured was fatal, it was not necessary to decide the case on any other ground. One fatality was enough.\nNor is this all. It is recalled that defendant\u2019s counsel in concluding his argument before us on the issue of coverage, did so with the remark, \u201cbut that is not my strongest point,\u201d and then passed to a discussion of the question of forfeiture or failure to give notice. In reply, plaintiff\u2019s counsel called attention to the defendant\u2019s change of front on the issue of coverage, and in support thereof, directed our attention to that portion of the record above set out, reading it in full. We were left with the impression that the suggestion was not challenged. Such a shift is not an uncommon occurrence as many cases in the Reports will attest. For example, see Lumber Co. v. Perry, 213 N. C., 533, 196 S. E., 831; Weil v. Herring, 207 N. C., 6, 175 S. E., 836; Potts v. Ins. Co., 206 N. C., 257, 174 S. E., 123; Holland v. Dulin, ibid., 211, 173 S. E., 310; Rand v. Gillette, 199 N. C., 462, 154 S. E., 746; Shipp v. Stage Lines, 192 N. C., 475, 135 S. E., 339; Walker v. Burt, 182 N. C., 325, 109 S. E., 43, and cases there cited.\nIt will be observed that in the interpretation of the record, the Court was a unit, there being no disagreement as to the theory of the trial. See first paragraph of dissent on page 536. It is also noted that in the certificate of counsel, accompanying the petition to rehear, they say: \u201cFrom the record as amplified and clarified by the letter from the trial judge, and the complete oral judgment of the trial court, now brought to the attention of the Supreme Court by the petition to rehear, it appears,\u201d etc. Certificates of error are usually based upon the record as it appears here. The language used in the majority opinion is not different from that appearing in other cases. We had in mind only the rights of the parties as revealed by the record. The opinion is susceptible of no other interpretation. There was no fictive or supposi-titious establishment of \u201cthe law of the case\u201d on the issue of coverage.\nSecond. Simultaneously with the filing of the petition to rehear, the defendant gave notice of application for certiorari to bring up the entire remarks of the judge, if deemed necessary to make clear its position of consistency.\nThe following quotations from the pertinent decisions will suffice to dispose of this application:\n1. \u201cWe have never entertained an application for the writ (of certio-rari) after the argument has commenced, and surely not after the case has been submitted, taken into conference and decided by the Court, and certainly not except under extraordinary circumstances.\u201d Walker, J., speaking for the Court in Todd v. Mackie, 160 N. C., 352, 76 S. E., 245.\n2. \u201cIf the defendant had proper ground for a certiorari, he should have moved for it before the cause was reached for argument. S. v. Rhodes, 112 N. C., 857. He will not be allowed to obtain a delay of six months by his own laches in this regard.\u201d Clark, J., speaking for the Court in S. v. Harris, 114 N. C., 831, 19 S. E., 154.\n3. \u201cThe suggestion of counsel that, if against the appellant, we award him a writ of certiorari in order that a case may be properly prepared and sent up, cannot be entertained when the merits of the case are presented for adjudication. The application should be made before the trial, and if the appellant fails to make it and goes to trial he must abide the consequences.\u201d Smith, C. J., speaking for the Court in McDaniel v. Pollock, 87 N. C., 503.\n4. \u201cIt is too late for a certiorari after the case has been decided on appeal.\u201d Syllabus of Wilson v. Lineberger, 84 N. C., 836.\nIn its last analysis, however, the complete answer to the defendant\u2019s present move is, that the record is as it was intended to be (with the exception of a slight rearrangement, not material). By consent or agreement the defendant was permitted to print in its brief \u201call or any part\u201d of the judge\u2019s remarks. It elected to print only a part. This agreement is binding on tbe courts as well as on tbe parties. S. v. Dee, supra. Nothing bas been overlooked. Tbe suggestion or implication is tbat we examined tbe transcript a little too closely. Tbe parties ought not to object to a careful perusal of tbe record. S. v. Blackburn, 80 N. C., 474. To go back and amplify it now and bear tbe case again would be to take \u201canother bite at tbe cherry.\u201d Dependents of Thompson v. Funeral Home, 205 N. C., 801, 172 S. E., 500. In tbe meantime, other rights have intervened.\nMoreover, it should be remembered there is no concession on tbe part of tbe plaintiff tbat tbe case bas been decided \u201cupon a sham issue,\u201d or \u201cupon a supposed state of facts which does not exist,\u201d nor yet upon a misconception of tbe record. Cook v. Mfg. Co., supra; S. v. Marsh, 134 N. C., 184, 47 S. E., 6. These are allegations of tbe defendant, and plaintiff says they rest only in allegation. She further says tbat tbe interpretation heretofore placed upon tbe record \u201cwas and is absolutely correct\u201d; tbat it accords with tbe theory of tbe trial, and tbat the transcript admits of no other interpretation.\nTbe case is unlike Miller v. Scott, 185 N. C., 93, 116 S. E., 86, where, by agreement, tbe parties were permitted to correct an inadvertence and supply an omission in tbe record; nor is it similar to Thompson v. Funeral Home, 208 N. C., 178, 179 S. E., 801, where an unusual procedure was followed.\nTbe application for certiorari will be denied.\nThird. Notwithstanding tbe rules and decisions applicable to tbe situation, we have examined tbe judge\u2019s complete remarks, as attached to tbe petition to rehear, and may say tbat we find nothing in them which would have changed tbe result of our decision bad they been before us in their entirety.\nFourth. Tbe remainder of tbe petition consists of a critical analysis of tbe opinion and tbe authorities cited therein.\nWe adhere to our original position tbat on tbe record as presented, tbe case is one for tbe jury.\nTbe costs will be taxed against tbe petitioner.\nCertiorari denied. Petition dismissed.\nBabNiiill, J\"., did not participate in tbe rehearing of this case.", "type": "majority", "author": "Staoy, O. J." }, { "text": "DeviN, J.,\ndissenting: To tbe ruling of tbe Court in dismissing tbe petition to rehear, and reaffirming tbe former decision of tbe case reversing tbe nonsuit, I respectfully note my dissent. My reasons were fully set forth in dissenting opinion filed in tbe case and reported in 214 N. C., at page 535.", "type": "dissent", "author": "DeviN, J.," } ], "attorneys": [ "L. L. Davenport and W. H. Yarborough for plaintiff, respondent.", "Battle & Winslow for defendant, petitioner." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "MARY B. GORHAM v. THE PACIFIC MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA.\n(Filed 8 March, 1939.)\n1. Appeal and Error \u00a7 22\u2014\nThe record imports verity, and the Supreme Court is bound thereby.\n2. Appeal and Error \u00a7 43 \u2014 Petition to rehear for asserted misinterpretation of record is dismissed, it appearing that the record was correctly construed.\nOn the appeal in this action to recover on a policy of accident insurance it was held that the judgment as of nonsuit granted for forfeiture for failure to give notice and proof of death was error, and that the acquiescence of the parties in the ruling of the trial court that the evidence was sufficient to be submitted to the jury on the question of accidental death within the coverage of the policy precluded defendant insurer from maintaining on appeal that the judgment as of nonsuit should be affirmed on that ground, the appeal being governed by the theory of trial. Defendant filed this petition to rehear, asserting a misinterpretation of the record, and claiming that throughout the trial it had consistently urged a nonsuit on the dual grounds of noncoverage and forfeiture, and that the judgment as of nonsuit was entered on both grounds. Meld: A careful review of the record, and the remarks of the court, printed by consent in defendant\u2019s brief, further strengthened by remarks in the oral argument upon appeal, discloses that the record was properly interpreted, and the petition to rehear is dismissed.\n3. Appeal and Error \u00a7 20\u2014\nAn application for certiorari will be denied when not made until after the appeal has been decided by the Supreme Court.\n4. Same\u2014\nA motion for certiorari to bring tip the entire remarks of the trial judge relative to the phase of the record applicant asserts was misinterpreted cannot be allowed when it appears that the parties agreed that applicant should print in its brief \u201call or any part\u201d of the judge\u2019s remarks, the agreement being binding on the courts as well as on the parties.\n5. Same\u2014\nPetition for certiorari is denied in this case because not made in apt time and because precluded by prior agreement of the parties in regard to the record, but the Supreme Court has nevertheless examined the entire remarks of the trial court, urged as disclosing a misinterpretation of the record in .the decision of the Court, and has found nothing that would have changed the result, a full examination disclosing that the record is and was as it was intended to be.\nBarnhill, J., did not participate in the rehearing of this case.\nDevin, J., dissenting.\nPetition to rebear tbis case reported in 214 N. C., 526, and application for certiorari.\nL. L. Davenport and W. H. Yarborough for plaintiff, respondent.\nBattle & Winslow for defendant, petitioner." }, "file_name": "0195-01", "first_page_order": 261, "last_page_order": 266 }