{
  "id": 8626060,
  "name": "JOHN CONRAD and NINA B. CONRAD, Plaintiffs, v. JACOB L. GOSS, Defendant; and MRS. A. L. DISHER, nee MAGGIE B. GOSS; GROVER C. MYERS, SR., and W. J. BRYAN",
  "name_abbreviation": "Conrad v. Goss",
  "decision_date": "1947-05-21",
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  "first_page": "470",
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  "analysis": {
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T16:20:04.384970+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "JOHN CONRAD and NINA B. CONRAD, Plaintiffs, v. JACOB L. GOSS, Defendant; and MRS. A. L. DISHER, nee MAGGIE B. GOSS; GROVER C. MYERS, SR., and W. J. BRYAN."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Devin, J.\nTbe title of defendant Jacob L. Goss, which is here brought in question, was derived under tbe will of Addie M. Goss, wherein she devised to. him all her property, with tbe added provision, \u201cBut should my son Jacob L. Goss die without heirs, I want tbe property to go to my daughter Maggie B. Goss,\u201d with further limitation over, in ease Maggie B. Goss sbo-uld die without \u201cheirs,\u201d to the brothers of the testatrix.\nIt is obvious that by the use of the word \u201cheirs\u201d in the will the testatrix meant children or issue. The plaintiffs so concede. While in the first part of the will the language is sufficient to convey to defendant Goss a fee simple, we must examine the entire instrument, \u201ctaking it by its four corners,\u201d and give effect to every part thereof in order to ascertain and carry out the intention of the testatrix as therein expressed. Heyer v. Bulluck, 210 N. C., 321, 186 S. E., 356; Patterson v. McCormick, 181 N. C., 311, 107 S. E., 12. Applying this rule of construction, it is apparent that the estate devised is made defeasible in the event Jacob L. Goss should die without issue him surviving, with limitation over to Maggie B. Goss. It is provided by statute (G. S., 41-4) that a limitation made to depend upon the dying of any person without heirs or issue shall be interpreted to take effect when such person dies without such issue living at the time of his death. And the decisions of this Court have uniformly given effect to the rule set out in this declaratory statute. Turpin v. Jarrett, 226 N. C., 135, 37 S. E. (2d), 124; Williamson v. Cox, 218 N. C., 177, 10 S. E. (2d), 662; Hudson v. Hudson, 208 N. C., 338, 180 S. E., 597; Massengill v. Abell, 192 N. C., 240, 134 S. E., 641; Pugh v. Allen, 179 N. C., 307, 102 S. E., 394; Jones v. Whichard, 163 N. C., 241, 79 S. E., 503; Rollins v. Keel, 115 N. C., 68, 20 S. E., 209; Smith v. Brisson, 90 N. C., 284. It was said in Turpin v. Jarrett, supra, \u201cTo determine the effectiveness of the limitation over the roll must be called as of the date of the death of the first taker.\u201d\nIn the ease at bar the identity of the ultimate taker is to be determined at the death of Jacob L. Goss. At that time the roll is to be called. Until then his title is subject to be defeated in the event of his dying without issue. Hence he took only a defeasible fee.\nThe plaintiffs cite in support of the holding below Westfeldt v. Reynolds, 191 N. C., 802, 133 S. E., 168. From an examination of that decision, however, it is apparent that the court\u2019s ruling was based upon the peculiar circumstances of that case, in order to effectuate the intention of the testatrix to provide equality in the estates of her two daughters who were the primary objects of her bounty.\nFor the reasons stated we think there was error in the ruling below, and the judgment is\nReversed.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Devin, J."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Don A. Walser and Charles W. Mauze for plaintiffs.",
      "J. T. Jachson for defendants."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "JOHN CONRAD and NINA B. CONRAD, Plaintiffs, v. JACOB L. GOSS, Defendant; and MRS. A. L. DISHER, nee MAGGIE B. GOSS; GROVER C. MYERS, SR., and W. J. BRYAN.\n(Filed 21 May, 1947.)\n1. Wills \u00a7 31\u2014\nA will is to be construed from its four corners and effect be given to every part thereof in order to ascertain and carry out the intention of the testatrix as therein expressed.\n2. Wills \u00a7 33c\u2014\nThe will in suit devised the property in controversy to testatrix\u2019 son with the added provision that should he die without \u201cheirs\u201d the property should go to testatrix\u2019 daughter. Held,: The word \u201cheirs\u201d means children or issue, and under the devise the testatrix\u2019 son takes a fee defeasible upon his dying without issue him surviving, and the roll must be called at the date of his death to determine the effectiveness \u25a0 of the limitation over.\nAppeal by defendant Jacob L. Goss from Rousseau, J., at February Term, 1947, of DavidsoN.\nReversed.\nPlaintiffs, judgment creditors, filed exceptions to tbe report of tbe appraisers in tbe allotment of tbe homestead of Jacob L. Goss, on tbe ground that tbe judgment debtor\u2019s title to tbe property was fee simple, ratber than a lesser estate as found by tbe appraisers, and tbat tbe value of tbe property over and above tbe homestead was sufficient to satisfy plaintiffs\u2019 debt.\nJury trial was waived and tbe court found tbe facts, and adjudged tbat Jacob L. Goss was owner of the property in fee simple, and ordered re-appraisement of tbe property in accord with tbat ruling.\nDefendants excepted and appealed.\nDon A. Walser and Charles W. Mauze for plaintiffs.\nJ. T. Jachson for defendants."
  },
  "file_name": "0470-01",
  "first_page_order": 518,
  "last_page_order": 519
}