{
  "id": 8627192,
  "name": "BRAGG DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, INC., v. T. G. BRAXTON, Tax Supervisor of CUMBERLAND COUNTY; LECTOR E. RAY, Chairman, FRED KINLAW, F. M. BARRETT, J. M. GILLIS and D. M. CLARK, Constituting the BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY; and CUMBERLAND COUNTY",
  "name_abbreviation": "Bragg Development Co. v. Braxton",
  "decision_date": "1954-01-29",
  "docket_number": "",
  "first_page": "427",
  "last_page": "429",
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      "cite": "239 N.C. 427"
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    "id": 9292,
    "name": "Supreme Court of North Carolina"
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T20:51:12.847603+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "BRAGG DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, INC., v. T. G. BRAXTON, Tax Supervisor of CUMBERLAND COUNTY; LECTOR E. RAY, Chairman, FRED KINLAW, F. M. BARRETT, J. M. GILLIS and D. M. CLARK, Constituting the BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY; and CUMBERLAND COUNTY."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Barnhill, J.\nThis cause must be remanded to the court below with direction that the court enter a judgment of dismissal for two reasons: (1) It presents no litigable question for decision; and (2) in any event it is not the proper method of determining plaintiff\u2019s tax liability to the defendant County.\n\u201cThe subject of a civil action\u201d as used in the statute, G.S. 1-250, is a cause of action. Tbe stipulated facts must present a controversy which could be litigated and upon wbicb tbe court could enter judgment in an action pending. In adopting tbe statute, the Legislature did not intend to confer jurisdiction on the courts to render advisory opinions. Wright v. McGee, 206 N.C. 52, 173 S.E. 31; Burton v. Realty Co., 188 N.C. 473, 125 S.E. 3.\nHere tbe facts agreed do not set forth a \u201cquestion in difference wbicb might be tbe subject of a civil action.\u201d Tbe defendant County has made no assessment. Neither has it levied upon this or any other property of plaintiff in an attempt to collect a tax on the property involved. No right of plaintiff has been denied or violated. It has suffered no wrong. It has sustained no loss either real or imaginary. On tbe facts agreed no justiciable question on wbicb tbe court; in a civil action, could render a judgment is disclosed.\nDoes tbe County have tbe right to tax tbe property of plaintiff wbicb is located on tbe Fort Bragg Military Reservation? Tbe County asserts this right. Plaintiff denies that it exists. Tbe controversy thus created presents a purely abstract question. Any judgment putting it to rest would be wholly advisory in nature.\nOrdinarily the sovereign may not be denied or delayed in the enforcement of its right to collect the revenue upon wbicb its very existence depends. This rule applies to municipalities and other subdivisions of the State Government. If a tax is levied against a taxpayer wbicb be deems unauthorized or unlawful, be must pay the same under protest and then sue for its recovery. G.S. 105-406; Hunt v. Cooper, 194 N.C. 265, 139 S.E. 446. And if the statute provides an administrative remedy, be must first exhaust that remedy before resorting to the courts for relief. Insurance Co. v. Unemployment Compensation Com., 217 N.C. 495, 8 S.E. 2d 619; Unemployment Compensation Com. v. Willis, 219 N.C. 709, 15 S.E. 2d 4; Employment Security Com. v. Kermon, 232 N.C. 342, 60 S.E. 2d 580. See, however, G.S. 105-406 relating to illegal property taxes.\nAs broad and comprehensive as it is, even the Declaratory Judgment Act does not supersede the rule or provide an additional or concurrent remedy. Insurance Co. v. Unemployment Compensation Com., supra; Buchan v. Shaw, Comr. of Revenue, 238 N.C. 522.\nAppeal dismissed.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Barnhill, J."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Poyner, Geraghty <& Hartsfield, Taylor & Allen, and Hoyle & Hoyle for plaintiff.",
      "Lester G. Garter, Jr., J ames MacBae, and Robert H. Dye for defendant."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "BRAGG DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, INC., v. T. G. BRAXTON, Tax Supervisor of CUMBERLAND COUNTY; LECTOR E. RAY, Chairman, FRED KINLAW, F. M. BARRETT, J. M. GILLIS and D. M. CLARK, Constituting the BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY; and CUMBERLAND COUNTY.\n(Filed 29 January, 1954.)\n1. Declaratory Judgment Act \u00a7 2\u2014\nThe Declaratory Judgment Act does not confer upon the courts jurisdiction to render advisory opinions, and it is necessary that the facts agreed present a justiciable question upon which a judgment could be rendered in a pending civil action.\n2. Same\u2014\nWhere the question submitted in a controversy without action under G.S. 1-250, is whether a county has the right to tax an individual\u2019s property located on a military reservation, but it appears that no assessment or levy has been made and no attempt to collect a tax on the property involved undertaken, the action must be dismissed as presenting a purely abstract question.\n3. Same: Taxation \u00a7 38c\u2014\nOrdinarily, neither the State nor its political subdivisions may be denied or delayed in the enforcement of the right to collect revenue, and if a tax is levied which the taxpayer deems unauthorized, he must pay same under protest and then sue for its recovery, G.S. 105-406. The Declaratory Judgment Act does not supersede this rule or provide an additional or concurrent remedy.\nAppeal by plaintiff and defendants from Carr, J., September Term 1953, CUMBERLAND.\nControversy without action under G.S. 1-250.\nTbe Federal Government has acquired and now owns a large area of land in Cumberland and Harnett Counties commonly known as the Fort Bragg Military Reservation. The State has ceded jurisdiction over said land to the Federal Government.\nIn 1950 the Federal Government, by written contract, leased to plaintiff, a domestic corporation, a certain unimproved part of said land lying entirely within Cumberland County. The lease was for a period of 75 years. Its primary purpose was to provide housing facilities for Army personnel, and in furtherance of that purpose plaintiff obligated itself to erect and maintain thereon a housing project of 500 units. The buildings were erected as provided in the contract and are now owned by plaintiff, subject to the conditions and provisions of the lease contract.\nIn 1952 the defendant Cumberland County notified plaintiff that said property of plaintiff would be assessed for ad valorem taxes. The plaintiff, protesting, asserted that said property was not subject to taxation by the County and requested that the question be submitted to the court for decision under the provisions of G.S. 1-250. The County agreed, and thereupon this proceeding was instituted.\nThe question presented to the court for decision was: \u201cDoes Cumberland County have the right to levy and collect ad valorem taxes on the aforesaid property or any part thereof ?\u201d\nWhile the right to tax tangible personal property was submitted, the facts agreed contain no stipulation that plaintiff possesses any personal property which is located on the leased property.\nThe court below, upon consideration of the facts stipulated by the parties, adjudged that defendant County (1) \u201chas the right to levy and collect ad valorem taxes on both the plaintiff\u2019s leasehold interest in the lands leased to it . . . and the plaintiff\u2019s improvements on the leased lands, which have become a part of the realty;\u201d and (2) \u201cdoes not have the right to list and collect ad valorem taxes on plaintiff\u2019s personal property on said lands, and it is enjoined and restrained from listing, levying or collecting any such tax thereon.\u201d\nBoth plaintiff and defendants excepted and appealed.\nPoyner, Geraghty <& Hartsfield, Taylor & Allen, and Hoyle & Hoyle for plaintiff.\nLester G. Garter, Jr., J ames MacBae, and Robert H. Dye for defendant."
  },
  "file_name": "0427-01",
  "first_page_order": 471,
  "last_page_order": 473
}