{ "id": 8573191, "name": "J. J. GRABENHOFER, Trading as RIVIERA FURNITURE CO., RIVIERA BEACH, FLORIDA, Plaintiff v. LAHOMA GARRETT, Defendant", "name_abbreviation": "Grabenhofer v. Garrett", "decision_date": "1963-07-19", "docket_number": "", "first_page": "118", "last_page": "122", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "260 N.C. 118" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.C.", "id": 9292, "name": "Supreme Court of North Carolina" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 5, "name_long": "North Carolina", "name": "N.C." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "93 S.E. 2d 147", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "244 N.C. 265", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 2219573 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "268" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/244/0265-01" ] }, { "cite": "193 S.E. 20", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "212 N.C. 253", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8606991 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/212/0253-01" ] }, { "cite": "75 A.L.R. 2d 1172", "category": "reporters:specialty", "reporter": "A.L.R. 2d", "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1175" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "155 S.E. 611", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "199 N.C. 709", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8613719 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/199/0709-01" ] }, { "cite": "64 S.E. 897", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "150 N.C. 699", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11272481 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/150/0699-01" ] }, { "cite": "84 S.E. 2d 828", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "241 N.C. 170", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8604817 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "174" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/241/0170-01" ] }, { "cite": "89 S.E. 789", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "172 N.C. 14", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11252078 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/172/0014-01" ] }, { "cite": "109 S.E. 2d 205", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "250 N.C. 500", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8624577 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/250/0500-01" ] }, { "cite": "125 S.E. 490", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "188 N.C. 682", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8654755 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/188/0682-01" ] }, { "cite": "124 S.E. 566", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "188 N.C. 200", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8653506 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/188/0200-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 467, "char_count": 8510, "ocr_confidence": 0.498, "pagerank": { "raw": 3.2124877556159867e-07, "percentile": 0.8665837274682809 }, "sha256": "0f16cb4b3611d42bb828c3f51d04bdde5bb7aeab18dcb282f1df57729d76de58", "simhash": "1:83c4f9c2fa375394", "word_count": 1433 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T17:49:29.885963+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "J. J. GRABENHOFER, Trading as RIVIERA FURNITURE CO., RIVIERA BEACH, FLORIDA, Plaintiff v. LAHOMA GARRETT, Defendant." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Bobbitt, J.\nThe properties and incidents of an estate by the entirety are set forth in Davis v. Bass, 188 N.C. 200, 124 S.E. 566, and in Johnson v. Leavitt, 188 N.C. 682, 125 S.E. 490. For a comprehensive exposition, with full citations, see valuable article by Professor Robert E. Lee, \u201cTenancy by the Entirety in North Carolina,\u201d 41 N.C.L.R. 67-100.\nUnder prior decisions of this Court, defendant has no (divisible) interest in the subj ect property which, during coverture, is subj ect to sale under judgment and execution against him alone. Edwards v. Arnold, 250 N.C. 500, 109 S.E. 2d 205; Harris v. Distributing Co., 172 N.C. 14, 89 S.E. 789. Professor Lee, op cit.., p. 84, cites these and other North Carolina decisions in support of the following statements: \u201cIn North Carolina a tenancy by the entirety is not subject to levy under execution on a judgment rendered against either the husband or the wife alone. Neither the husband nor the wife has such an interest in an estate by the entirety as can be sold under execution to satisfy a judgment against him or her alone.\u201d Also, see Lee, op.. cit., p. 86.\nDuring coverture, a judgment against either the husband or the wife is not a lien on land owned by husband and wife as tenants by the entirety. Air Conditioning Co. v. Douglass, 241 N.C. 170, 174, 84 S.E. 2d 828, and cases cited. Hence, their joint deed conveys the land to a purchaser free and clear of the lien of any judgment docketed against either the husband or the wife. Hood v. Mercer, 150 N.C. 699, 64 S.E. 897, and cases cited; Winchester-Simmons Co. v. Cutler, 199 N.C. 709, 155 S.E. 611, and cases cited; Lee, op. cit., p. 87.\nIn Annotation, \u201cInterest o\u00ed spouse in estate by entireties as subject to satisfaction of his or her individual debt,\u201d 75 A.L.R. 2d 1172, 1175, this statement appears: \u201cIn a majority of jurisdictions, it has been held that under the Married Women\u2019s Property Acts the interest of a husband or a wife in an estate by entireties is not subject to the claims of his or her individual creditors during the joint lives of the spouses, and if the debtor spouse dies first the survivor takes the entire estate free from the debts of the deceased.\u201d The numerous cases cited in support of this statement include decisions of this Court.\nSince \u201cthe husband, during coverture and as between himself and the wife, has absolute and exclusive right to the control, use, possession, rents, issues, and profits of property held as tenants by the entirety,\u201d it was held in Lewis v. Pate, 212 N.C. 253, 193 S.E. 20, cited by plaintiff, that crops raised on land owned by husband and wife as tenants by the entirety belonged to the husband and were subject to levy and sale under execution to satisfy a judgment against him. A sale under execution of said crops, except tlhe portion set apart by appraisers as the judgment debtor\u2019s personal property exemption, was ordered. Suffice to say, no question is now presented with reference to crops raised on the subject property.\nPlaintiff\u2019s motion is made in proceedings supplemental to execution. Defendant was required to appear and answer concerning his property. G.S. 1-352. Then, if not before, plaintiff was advised as to the subject property and as to- its ownership by defendant and his wife as tenants by the entirety.\nThere is no contention that any person or corporation has property of defendant or is indebted to defendant. G.S. 1-360 et seq. In this connection, see Cornelius v. Albertson, 244 N.C. 265, 268, 93 S.E. 2d 147.\nDefendant is in lawful possession of the subject property. If (contrary to our prior decisions) plaintiff\u2019s contention that defendant has a divisible interest in the subject property were accepted, it would seem that such interest, except to the extent it would be exempt as a homestead or personal property exemption, would be subject to sale under execution, and such execution sale would constitute plaintiff\u2019s remedy. G.S. 1-315. Thus, whether his said contention is rejected or accepted, plaintiff\u2019s motion for appointment of a receiver was properly denied.\nObviously, plaintiff\u2019s exception \u201cto the foregoing ruling of the Court\u201d is insufficient to support plaintiff\u2019s purported assignment of error relating to certain of the court\u2019s findings of fact. However, this Court\u2019s decision, which affirms the order of the court below, is not based on any finding of fact referred to in plaintiff\u2019s said purported assignment of error.\nAffirmed.", "type": "majority", "author": "Bobbitt, J." } ], "attorneys": [ "Gerald C. Parker, for plaintiff appellant.", "Boss \u25a0& Wood for defendant appellee\u201e" ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "J. J. GRABENHOFER, Trading as RIVIERA FURNITURE CO., RIVIERA BEACH, FLORIDA, Plaintiff v. LAHOMA GARRETT, Defendant.\n(Filed 19 July 1963.)\nHusband and Wife \u00a7 15; Execution \u00a7 16\u2014\nA judgment creditor of the husband alone is not entitled, in supplemental proceedings after execution is returned unsatisfied, to the appointment of a receiver for lands held by the husband and wife by the entireties.\nAppeal by plaintiff from Hobgood, J., November Term 1962 of ALAMANCE.\nThe hearing below was on plaintiff\u2019s motion that a receiver be appointed to take possession of certain real property in Alamance County, North Carolina, owned by defendant and his wife, Ethylene Garrett, as tenants1 by the entirety, and that the receiver rent said property and apply the rentals to the payment of a judgment plaintiff had obtained against defendant.\nThe only evidence was plaintiff\u2019s verified motion and defendant\u2019s verified answer thereto.\nThe court\u2019s findings of fact are quoted below.\n\u201c1. That on or about December 8, 1960, the plaintiff secured a Judgment .against the defendant in the above entitled action in the Superior Court of Alamance County, North Carolina, in the sum of $1,623.52, plus interest thereon at the rate of six per cent per annum from and after October 25, 1958. (Note: Execution was issued and returned unsatisfied.)\n\u201c2. That on or about August 8, 1962, and pursuant to an Order of the Clerk of the Superior Court of Alamance County, North Carolina, the plaintiff examined the defendant relative to any property, both real and personal, then owned by said defendant and which could be subject to execution to satisfy said Judgment. That at said hearing it was determined that the defendant and his wife, Ethylene Garrett, were the owners in an estate by the entireties of 1.9 acres of land located in Patterson Township, Alamance County, North Carolina, in the approximate value of $13,000, and upon said land was situated the home of the defendant and his family.\n\u201c3. That in 1957 the defendant obtained temporary employment in the State of Florida on a construction job, and thereafter has spent some time in the State of Florida, and some time in the State of North Carolina, and in the year 1958, the defendant was permanently injured in an accident arising out of the course and scope of his employment, and thereafter has received medical treatment both in the State of Florida and in the State of North Carolina. That the land located in Patterson Township, Alamance County, North Carolina, was purchased by the defendant and his wife in 1947, and thereafter the defendant and his wife erected a dwelling house on said property in the year 1948, and have continuously maintained their residence thereat except for periods of time since 1957 when they stayed in the State of Florida.\n\u201c4. That the defendant is a citizen and resident of Alamance County, North Carolina, and has established and maintained at all times hi\u00ae domicile in the State of North Carolina, and is presently a citizen and resident and domiciled in the State of North Carolina. That the dwelling house located on the 1.9 acres of land in Patterson Township, Alamance County, North Carolina, is owned jointly by the defendant and his wife in an estate by the entireties, and is used by the defendant and his family as their home, and that said property is not subject to execution to satisfy any Judgment against the defendant, Lahoma Garrett, individually.\u201d\nThe court, by order dated November 12, 1962, denied plaintiff\u2019s said motion. Thereupon, plaintiff excepted \u201cto the foregoing ruling of the Court\u201d and appealed. In \u201cAssignments of Error\u201d dated March 27, 1963, plaintiff set forth (1) that the court erred in denying plaintiff\u2019s said motion, and (2) that the court erred \u201cin finding that the defendant was a resident of the State of North Carolina at the time the motion was made for the appointment of a receiver and that the property in question was the \u2018home\u2019 of defendant.\u201d\nGerald C. Parker, for plaintiff appellant.\nBoss \u25a0& Wood for defendant appellee\u201e" }, "file_name": "0118-01", "first_page_order": 158, "last_page_order": 162 }