{
  "id": 11276937,
  "name": "LUCRETIA PEEBLES v. THE NORTH CAROLINA RAIL ROAD COMPANY",
  "name_abbreviation": "Peebles v. North Carolina Rail Road",
  "decision_date": "1869-01",
  "docket_number": "",
  "first_page": "238",
  "last_page": "240",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "63 N.C. 238"
    }
  ],
  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "N.C.",
    "id": 9292,
    "name": "Supreme Court of North Carolina"
  },
  "jurisdiction": {
    "id": 5,
    "name_long": "North Carolina",
    "name": "N.C."
  },
  "cites_to": [
    {
      "cite": "10 Ired. 61",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ired.",
      "case_ids": [
        1972545
      ],
      "opinion_index": 0,
      "case_paths": [
        "/nc/32/0061-01"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "analysis": {
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    "simhash": "1:c6c1a5d2e9b87496",
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T15:51:48.011339+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "LUCRETIA PEEBLES v. THE NORTH CAROLINA RAIL ROAD COMPANY."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Settle, J.\nLegislation and the decisions of the Courts, \u25a0have wrought great changes in the common law upon this subject, so that we may now say that the maxim \u201c actio per-sonalis moritur cmn persona \u201d is itself dead, or rather has lost so much of its vitality as to be of very little use.\nThe general rule now is just the reverse of the old maxim-; the exceptions being but few.\n\u201c No action, suit, petition, bill in equity, or information in \u2022nature of bill in equity or other proceedings of whatever nature, brought to recover or obtain money, property or damages or to have relief of any kind whatever, whether the same be at law or in equity except suits for penalties and for damages merely vindictive, shall abate by reason of the death of either party, &c., but the same may be carried on, by the heirs, executors and administrators of the deceased party.\u201d Rev. \u25a0Code, ch. 1, \u00a7 1.\nThis enactment goes much further than the previous statutes upon the same subject, and in connection with sections 8 and 9 >of the same chapter, shows conclusively, that the purpose of the Legislature was to keep alive all actions and causes of .action \u2014 when the damage is actual and not \u201c merely vindictive.\u201d Vindictive damages are such as are usually given against a defendant, as a punishment for an act of fraud, malice or oppression.\nCompensatory damages are such as a plaintiff is entitled to recover for an actual injury.\nIt is a familiar principle that in actions of tort, juries may give, not only compensatory damages for actual injuries, but if there are circumstances of aggravation, they may go further, and take into consideration the malice or insult that accompanied the tortious act of the defendant, and may in-urease their damages according to the circumstances of aggration. Gilreath v. Allen, 10 Ired. 61.\nThe distinction between compensatory and vindictive \u25a0damages is well established, and is too plain to require explanation.\nIn the case before us the plaintiff at the time of her death, was seeking to recover damages for permanent injuries to ber person, and for loss of time, and also for moneys, necessarily expended for medical treatment.\nWith what propriety can damages arising from these causes be called \u201c merely vindictive ?\u201d\nAdmitting that her representative cannot carry on this-action for the purpose of punishing the defendant, by the recovery of smart money; yet it is clear that he may do so for the purpose already indicated, Gollier v. Arrington, Phil. 356..\nThe judgment of the Superior Court is affirmed.\nThis will be certified, &c.\nPer Curiam.- Order accordingly.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Settle, J."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Moore and Rogers & Batchelor, for the appellant.",
      "Bragg, contra-"
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "LUCRETIA PEEBLES v. THE NORTH CAROLINA RAIL ROAD COMPANY.\nAn action brought by a passenger against a Rail Road Company, to recover damages for injuries to her person, does not abate by the death of the plaintiff.\n.(Gilreath \u00ae. Allen 10 Ire. 78; Collier \u00bb. Arrington, Phil. 356, cited and approved.)\nCase, brought to recover damages for personal injuries sustained by the plaintiff whilst a passenger on the road of the defendant. At Spring Term 1868 of the Superior Court of WarreN, before Buxton, J., it was suggested that the plaintiff had died since the last term of thp Court, and a motion was made to allow her administrator to become a party. This motion was resisted by the defendant, upon the ground that -the action had abated by such death.\nHis Honor allowed the motion, and the defendant appealed.\nMoore and Rogers & Batchelor, for the appellant.\nBragg, contra-\nDamages to cover costs and charges, or loss of time, or permanent injury to the person, or pain and suffering even, are not vindictive, but compensatory, Sedge Dam. 88, 452, 529; Mayne, Dam. 264. Rev. Code ch. 1, \u00a71, compared with \u00a7\u00a7 8 and 9."
  },
  "file_name": "0238-01",
  "first_page_order": 254,
  "last_page_order": 256
}