{
  "id": 11278405,
  "name": "H. W. BURTON vs. ADMIRAL CHARLES WILKES",
  "name_abbreviation": "Burton v. Wilkes",
  "decision_date": "1872-01",
  "docket_number": "",
  "first_page": "604",
  "last_page": "612",
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    "name_abbreviation": "N.C.",
    "id": 9292,
    "name": "Supreme Court of North Carolina"
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    "name_long": "North Carolina",
    "name": "N.C."
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T15:10:37.048272+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "H. W. BURTON vs. ADMIRAL CHARLES WILKES."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "EoydeN, J.\nIn this ease the defendant was the owner of a furnace in the county of Gaston, which required five-hundred bushels of coal daily, to run it to its full capacity, and the plaintiff agreed to deliver to the defendant daily at his furnace from 500 to 1,000 bnshels of coa!. The plantifi was to cut the wood on the defendant\u2019s land, burn the coal and deliver it, and the defendant was to furnish weekly, money to pay the wood-choppers, and to pay for the coal as it was delivered at the furnace. This contract was made in writing on the 16th day of November 1860. There was no time fixed in this contract when the plaintiff should commence cutting wood or delivering the coal. There was a quantity of\" wood cut at the time the contract was made, how much does not appear, which the plaintiff was to use in making coal, but the coal made of this -wood was to be delivered at a less price-than that fixed in the contract. Jt does not appear that there was any complaint, that the plaintiff did not commence cutting wood and delivering coal in reasonable time; but it does, appear in the testimony of the plaintiff himself that on no one day did he deliver the minimum quantity of coal, he had contracted to deliver, and there is evidence tending to show that for lack of the proper quantity of coal, the defendant could use but one of bis tuyere; and that by using but one, be could not make as much metal by a ton and a half per day, as he-could have made, had the plaintiff furnished the minimum quantity of coal agreed to be delivered daily; and that the metal at the time was worth from thirty to forty dollars per ton.\nWhen the defendant failed to furnish the money \\veeky\u00a1to pay the wood-choppers, or to pay for the coal as delivered does not appear; nor does it appear when the plaintiff complained if ever, before he ceased coaling, that the money was not advanced to pay the wood-choppers and for the coal as delivered.\nThere is no allegation, in the complaint, that the plaintiff:' ceased his coaling operations, because the defendant failed to \u25a0furnish weekly, the money to pay the wood-choppers and for the coal as delivered; nor is there any complaint on the part of the defendant that the plaintiff stopped coaling\u2019 when he did, The commencement of the plaintiff\u2019s operations and their stoppage seems to have been by mutual consent of the parties.\nHot there is an allegation in plaintiff\u2019s replication to defendant\u2019s counter claim, that defendant is entitled to no damages for the reason that the mm delivery of the minimum quantity of coal daily, was caused by the defendant\u2019s failure to advance weekly money to pay the wood-choppers, but oven in this reply there is no allegation that the coal was not paid for as delivered.\nThe defendant in his counter claim demands large damages j for the non delivery daily of the minimum quantity of coal. There was evidence fending to show that defendant had sus-1 tained damage by this failure on the part of the plaintiff.\nThe stipulations in the contract, we think are dependant I stipulations, and the counter-claim is the proper subject of cross action in this case.\nHis Honor charged the jury as follows, and this is his en-j tire charge on this complicated case: \u201c That if the plaintiff\u2019s! \u25a0contrae, was not complied with, he could not recover on! it j but that the law did not require impossibilities, and that! plaintiff was entitled to reasonable time to prepare for exeeivT ting it; that if plaintiff v\u00edas prevented by defendant\u2019s failure! \u2022on. his part from furnishing the coal as provided in the coni tract, he was nevertheless entitled to the value of the article! delivered, and received by the defendant: that, if after thl work ceased, any agreement was made for payment, betweeJ the parties, then the plaintiff was entitled to recover accordingly.\u201d This was said without any reference to the counterclaim of defendant. In this we think there was error.\n\u201cHis Honor then handed to the jury a slip of paper in these words:\nPlaintiff claims balance,.$ 55.77\nWood and coal,.560.89\nInterest (left with the jury,).64.90\nClaim and interest,.688.06\nDefendant\u2019s counsel objected to this paper being handed to the jury.\nThe defendant\u2019s counsel then called the attention of the Court to the fact that he had not charged as to the counterclaim. In reply to this suggestion, His Honor told the jury : \u201cThat if the plaintiff failed to perform his contract he could not recover, and if defendant failed he could not recover,\u201d and without further remarks the jury retired, and in their verdict for the plaintiff found the exact amount stated in the slip of paper handed to them.\nHis Honor in his charge to the jury, gave them no instructions as to the main points in controversy; to-wit: whether the defendant was entitled to have his counter claim considered by the jury, and if so what damages was he entitled to, or was he entitled to any damages in his counter-claim because as alleged in plaintiff\u2019s replication, his failure wras caused by the neglect o\u00ed the defendant to advance, weekly, the money to pay the wood-choppers. These seem to be the principal points in controversy, there being no allegation that the plaintiff did not commence in reasonable time, or that he did not cease operations by the consent o\u00ed the defendant.\nWe think His Honor\u2019s charge in regard to reasonable time was well calculated to mis-lead the jury, when he informed them that the law did not require impossibilities, and that he was entitled to reasonable time to commence the execution of his contract, as it was as much as to say to the jury, that if plaintiff had contracted to deliver daily from five hundred to one thousand bushels of coal, he would be excused from the delivery, upon the ground that it was impossible for him to do so.\n\"We think Ilis Honor was also in error in delivering exhibit E. to the jury. Watson v. Davis, 7 Jones, 178, and Outlaw v. Hurdle and others, 1 Jones, 150.\nThere is error. Let this be certified.\nPer. Curiam. Venire de novo.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "EoydeN, J."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Sohenek and Bailey for the plaintiff'.",
      "J. II. Wilson for the defendant."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "H. W. BURTON vs. ADMIRAL CHARLES WILKES.\n3. Tlio stipulations contained in a contract in these words, viz: \u201cA 13 conti&cts with C D to furnish, at Long Creek Furnace, from 500 to 1000 bushels of coal daily at cents per bushels to be measured at the pit; C D to furnish the timber gratis wherever he may seefit, reserving groves and fruit trees and advance to A B all the money, weekly, necessary to pay off the wood-choppers\u2014 coal to be paid lor on delivery at the furnace,\u201d are dependent, and if, without 'fault on the part of the owner of the furnace, and without legal excuse the other tails to deliver the quantity of coal agreed to be delivered, the owner of the furnace being sued for the value of coal, &c., furnished, may properly set up such failure by way of counter-claim.\n2. In an action based upon such a contract where it appeared that there had been a failure to deliver 500 bushels of coal on any one day and that the defendant had failed to make as much iron, in consequence of such failure, as he otherwise would have done, a charge, which does not allude to the counterclaim, based upon the foregoing facts until attention is called to the omission and which then merely states \u201cthat if the plaintiff failed to perform his contract he could not recover and that if defendant failed he could not recover, is erroneous, and especially in this case where there seems to be no controversy as to the plaintiff\u2019s claim, and the main point of the controversy is as to the defendant\u2019s counter claim.\nS. A charge which misses the point of the case and fails to enlighten the jmy on the main points in controversy cannot be sustained.\n4. A Judge has not a right to hand to the jury a slip of paper containing an abbreviated estimate of plaintiff's claim, for damages against the wish of the op- . posite party.\nThe cases of Watson v. Mavis, 7 Jones, 178 and Outlaw v. Hurdle and others, 1 Jones, 150 cited and approved.\nThis was a civil action tried at Fall Tom 1811, of Lincoln Superior Court, before Ilis Honor Judge Logan and a jury.\nThe plaintiff in his complaint alleged that be had made a contract with the defendant who was running an iron furnace, in writing in these words, viz :\n\u201cARTICLES OF AGREEMENT BETWEEN H. W. B\u00fcRTON AND ADMIRAL Charles Wilkes,\nH. W. Burton contracts with Admiral Charles Wilkes to-furnish, at Long Creek Furnace, from 500 to 1000 bushels of coal, daily, at 6\u00a3 cents per bushel, to be measured at the pit.\nAdmiral Wilkes agrees to furbish the timber gratis, where-ever he may see fit, reserving groves and fruff trees, and advance to EL. W. Burton, all the money, weekly, necessary to-pay off the wood-choppers \u2014 coal to be paid for on delivery at the furnace.\n11. W. BURTON, CHARLES WILKES..\nNov. 1 (3 th, 1869/\u2019\nAnd that about the 1st December, 1869, the- defendant further agreed, without writing, that plaintiff should take certain wood of defendant\u2019s, already cut down, and make coal of it, and that the plaintiff should only receive, for coal made of this wood, five cents per bushel.\nThat when the written contract above stated was made, the defendant\u2019also agreed by word of mouth to take off the plaintiff\u2019s hands all the wood that might remain ou plaintiff\u2019s hands when he ceased \u201c'coaling.\u201d\nThat under these several contracts, the plaintiff furnished coal and wood to make coal as charged in an account exhibited with his complaint.\nDefendant by his answer, admitted the execution of the written contract, but alleged that, the plaintiff had failed to fulfil his part thereof. That plaintiff had not delivered daily-500 bushels of coal on more than three days.\nDefendant also admitted the contract of December 1, 1869, but denied the oral contract of Nov. 16, 1869.\nDefendant alleged by way of counter-claim that plaintiff had1 agreed to furnish daily at laest, 500 bushels of coal, and failed-to do so, whereby his furnace, which was of capacity sufficient to consume that amount of coal daily, became \u201c banked up,\u201d and stopped, and defendant was thereby prevented from manufacturing as much iron as he would otherwise have done, and \u25a0demanded by reason thereof, damages to the amount of three thousand dollars.\nBy way of reply to this counter-claim, the plaintiff alleged the S00 bushels o\u00ed coal was not furnished daity in consequence of the defendant\u2019s failure to pay the wood-choppers, or to pay for the coal on delivery.\nThe case was submitted to the jury with issues.\nThere was evidence in behalf o\u00ed the plaintiff, tending to \u2022show that after the written contract was signed, defendant agreed that if the furnace \u00abtopped, he would pay for the wood \u2022left on hand, and that he wanted \u201ccoaling\u201d to go on even if the furnace stopped.\nIt was also in evidence, that the plaintiff stopped \u201ccoaling\u201d because he was not advanced money, weekly, to pay the wood-\u25a0choppers, and that he had not the money to carry on the business \u2014 that after the plaintiff quit, he, at the instance of defendant, met the defendant\u2019s general business agent, one Alexander, and Alexander \u201ctook up\u201d all the wood left on hand, by which is meant that he received it and marked it with a cross as was the custom among choppers, that he also \u201c took up\u201d all the coal made and delivered ; these being the main items in \u2022controversy in this action, it. was also in evidence, that the plaintiff had not not delivered on any one day, SCO bushels of \u2022coal, or averaged that much per day, and that his reason for failing to do so was that lie could not employ enough choppers for want of means. It. was also in evidence, that it would require about three months in the country to get ready to make coal, in order to furnish as much a- 500 bushels of \u2022coal daily ; that thirty choppers were necessary, teams to haul, .and time to \u201cset\u201d the pits, Ac. There was also evidence that after the coaling ceased., tee defendant admitted the plaintiff\u2019s claim as set up in this action, and did not set up, any defence thereto, but on the contrary, let a silent partner have pig-iron -in satisfaction, which was afterwards given back on an express promise by defendant\u2019s general agent to pay the account in Ml.\nIt was in evidence on the part o\u00ed the defendant, that his furnace had two \u201ctuyers,\u201d and that it required 500 bushels of coal daily to run both tuyers; that if both tuyers could have been run, the furnace would have yielded one and a half more tons of iron per day and metal was then worth $30 to $40 per ton; that about Christmas, 1869, a cog broke in one of the blast-wheels ; that it took ten days to repair it, and in the meantime the furnace was \u201cbanked up\u201d to prevent combustion of material and chilling of the furnace ; that after the blast-wheel was repaired there was only 500 bushels of coal on hand, and furnace did not start for eight days. The plaintiff\u2019s counsel insisted that the plaintiff was entitled to reasonable time to begin delivering 500 bushels of coal daily, and that the plaintiff was prevented from doing so by the failure of the defendant to advance money to pay wood-choppers before such reasonable time elapsed, and that in the meantime if plaintiff furnished coal and defendant accepted and used it as it was stated on the account, the plaintiff was entitled to recover the value of it,'and that defendant could not recover on his counter-claim because of his failure to pay woou-choppers, and because he did not ayer readiness and ability\u2019-, &c. Defendant\u2019s counsel insisted that the plaintiff could not recover on the written contract because he had not complied with its provisions; that unless he had delivered 500 bushels daily he could not recover under the written contract; that as to the oral contract about the wood, there was a variance between the allegations and the proof, and as to the counter claim that if the plaintiff\u2019s failure to deliver the 500 bushels of coal daily, injured plaintiff as stated, he was entitled to recover to the amount of damages thus sustained.\nHis Honor charged the jury, \u201cthat if the plaintiff\u2019s contract was not complied with, he could not recover on it, but that the-law did not require impossibilities and the plaintiff was entitled to reasonable time to prepare for executing it; that if the-plaintiff was prevented, by the defendant\u2019s failure on his part,, from furnishing the coal as provided for in the contract, he was nevertheless entitled to the value o\u00ed the articles furnished and received by the defendant; that if after the work ceased any agreement was made for the payment between the parties,, then plaintiff was entitled to recover accordingly.\u201d His Hon-tben handed to the jury a slip of paper in these words :\nPlaintiff claims balance. $ 57.77\nWood and coal. 560.39'\nInterest (left with jury). 64.90'\nClaims and intei\u2019est. 683.06\nTo this, defendant excepted. The defendant\u2019s counsel then called the attention of His Honor to the circumstance that he-had failed to charge upon the counter-claims, whereupon His Honor instructed the jury that \u201cif the plaintiff failed to-perform his contract, he could not recover, and ii defendant failed he could not recover.\nUnder these instructions the jury found a verdict for the plaintiff, assessing his damages at $683.06, and from the judgment rendered thereon, the defendant appealed.\nSohenek and Bailey for the plaintiff'.\nMoved to dismiss the appeal because it did not appear that the undertaking of appeal had been filed in ten days. The Court it seems began 23d day of October, 1871, and the appeal bond is dated - day of November 1871, also because there was no justification, another undertaking of appeal was filed December 1st, 1871, which only appears to be justified as to one of the sureties. This motion being denied,, they filed a brief which lias been mislaid.\nJ. II. Wilson for the defendant."
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