{ "id": 8688548, "name": "STATE v. ALLEN McPHERSON and HENRY WILLIAMS", "name_abbreviation": "State v. McPherson", "decision_date": "1874-01", "docket_number": "", "first_page": "239", "last_page": "241", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "70 N.C. 239" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.C.", "id": 9292, "name": "Supreme Court of North Carolina" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 5, "name_long": "North Carolina", "name": "N.C." }, "cites_to": [], "analysis": { "cardinality": 251, "char_count": 4599, "ocr_confidence": 0.401, "pagerank": { "raw": 3.2255671297850425e-07, "percentile": 0.8673799128829519 }, "sha256": "4d689317ee348116debe741f01dd634fe4144c84cc66a04a923405dac5730642", "simhash": "1:5c4a1334c6b2a23e", "word_count": 839 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T15:53:06.826178+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "STATE v. ALLEN McPHERSON and HENRY WILLIAMS." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Rbade, J.\nBurglary, at common law, was the breaking and entering a dwelling house, in the night time, with intent to commit a felony. It was necessary to charge in the indictment, fregit el intravit \u2014 \u201cbroke and entered.\u201d And so are all the precedents. And so is the indictment before us. And there was evidence tending to show that the prisoners did break and enter; and they were convicted by the jury. And yet they cannot be punished, because of error committed on the trial. It- was not left to the jury to say whether the prisoners did break and enter the house, but whether they broke out of the house. The Solicitor asked his Honor to charge, and his Honor did charge the jury, \u201cthat if they believed that the defendants (however they may have got into the house) broke out of it, they were guilty.\u201d Now, as there was no charge that they broke out of the house, and as they could not be convicted of that with which they were not charged, it follows that their conviction was wrong. Grant that it is just as much a crime to break out of a house, as it is to break into it, just as it is as much a crime to kill a man with poison, as with a sword ; yet you cannot charge him with one crime and convict him of another; nor can you charge him with committing a crime in a certain manner, and convict him of doing it in a different manner.\nAt common law it was at least doubtful whether one could bo convicted of burglary, even wheu charged with breaking out of a house. The better opinion seemed to be, that the breaking must be for the purpose of effecting an entrance, and not for the purpose of effecting an escape. And therefore the statute of 12 Anne was passed, which made it burglary to break out of a house, the same as to break into it. The statute, after reciting \u201c That there had been some doubts whether the entering the mansion house without breaking the same, with an intent to commit some felony, and breaking said house in the-night time, to get out, were burglary;\u201d declared that \u201cif any person shall enter into the mansion or dwelling house of another by day or by night, without breaking the same, with an intent to commit felony, and shall in the night time break the said house to get out of the same, such person shall be guilty of burglary, as if he had broken into the house,\u201d &c. That statute was subsequently repealed and 8 Geo. IY, was passed, which provides that, \u201cif any person shall enter the dwelling house of another with intent to commit felony, or being in such house, shall commit any felony, and shall in either case break out of the said house in the night time, such person shall be deemed guilty of burglary.\u201d\nIt is clear that in order to convict, under this statute, it is necessary to charge, that he did \u201c break out,\u201d and not that he broke in. Such was the practice and such were the precedents, and the decisions, which may be found collected in leading Criminal Cases, vol. 2, p. 62. And the practice under the statutes was very strict. In one case the charge was, \u201c did 'br\u00e9ale, to get out;\u201d and in another, \u201c did break and get out? Held not to be sufficient; for the words of the statute were \u201cbreak out.\u201d And eo the defendant was convicted of larceny .only, and acquitted of burglary. In the case before us, breaking out, is not charged in the indictment in any form, but only breaking in ; and yet the jury were told that they might convict of breaking out. If the prisoners had been charged in the indictment with breaking out, there was evidence upon which they might have been convicted ; but there was no such charge ; and therefore, the conviction was erroneous.\nOur statute, Bat. Rev. ch. 32, sec. 12, is sull&tantially the same as the English statute.\nThere is error.\nThis will be certified.\nPee Curiam. - Venire de novo-..", "type": "majority", "author": "Rbade, J." } ], "attorneys": [ "Purnell and J. O L Harris, for defendants.", "Attorney General Hargrove, for the State." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "STATE v. ALLEN McPHERSON and HENRY WILLIAMS.\nA defendant cannot be convicted of that with which ho is not charged. Therefore, where the Judge below, upon the trial of an indictment, charging the defendant with breaking and entering into the house of the prosecutor and stealing therefrom, charged the jury \u201cthat if they believed the defendants, (however they may have got into the house,) broke out of it, they were guilty:\u2019' It loan held, to be error and to entitle the defendants to a new trial.\nINDICTMENT, for Burglary, tried at January Term, 1874, of of the Superior Court of Wake county, before his Honor, Waits, J.\nTiie facts are stated in the opinion of Justice Reads.\nDefendants were convicted and appealed to this Court.\nPurnell and J. O L Harris, for defendants.\nAttorney General Hargrove, for the State." }, "file_name": "0239-01", "first_page_order": 255, "last_page_order": 257 }