{ "id": 11271877, "name": "RAMONA L. de BACA, Administratrix, et al., Plaintiffs in Error, v. A. G. WILCOX, Defendant in Error", "name_abbreviation": "de Baca v. Wilcox", "decision_date": "1902-04-25", "docket_number": "No. 921", "first_page": "346", "last_page": "360", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "11 N.M. 346" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.M.", "id": 8835, "name": "Supreme Court of New Mexico" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 52, "name_long": "New Mexico", "name": "N.M." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "1 Abb. Pr. 126", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Abb. Pr.", "case_ids": [ 4645689, 4566332 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/abb-pr-ns/1/0126-01", "/abb-pr/1/0126-01" ] }, { "cite": "109 U. S. 199", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "6 Kan. 126", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Kan.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "69 Mo. 286", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Mo.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "34 Cal. 173", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "107 Ill. 524", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "63 Tex. 42", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Tex.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "71 Iowa 421", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Iowa", "case_ids": [ 2053614 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/iowa/71/0421-01" ] }, { "cite": "11 N. Y. 354", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.Y.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "21 Cal. 129", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal.", "case_ids": [ 2260824 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/cal/21/0129-01" ] }, { "cite": "6 N. M. 1", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 4651069 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/nm/6/0001-01" ] }, { "cite": "6 N. M. 497", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "134 Ind. 574", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ind.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "130 N. Y. 152", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.Y.", "case_ids": [ 2245127 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ny/130/0152-01" ] }, { "cite": "62 Mich. 214", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Mich.", "case_ids": [ 1462514 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/mich/62/0214-01" ] }, { "cite": "66 Hun 214", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Hun", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "10 Cush. (Mass.) 117", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cush.", "case_ids": [ 1991511 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/mass/64/0117-01" ] }, { "cite": "31 Gratt. (Va.) 134", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Gratt.", "case_ids": [ 6715959 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/va/72/0366-01" ] }, { "cite": "16 Ind. 358", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ind.", "case_ids": [ 1452040, 1452218 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ind/16/0358-02", "/ind/16/0358-01" ] }, { "cite": "66 Pac. 517", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "3 N. M. 495", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "1 N. M. 220", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 8300706 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/nm/1/0220-01" ] }, { "cite": "1 N. M. 147", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 8300672 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/nm/1/0147-01" ] }, { "cite": "66 N. C. 444", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 11277612 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/nc/66/0444-01" ] }, { "cite": "55 N. Y. 528", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.Y.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "80 N. Y. 119", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.Y.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "10 Or. 267", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Or.", "case_ids": [ 2288970 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/or/10/0267-01" ] }, { "cite": "17 Mo. App. 590", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Mo. App.", "case_ids": [ 535861 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/mo-app/17/0590-01" ] }, { "cite": "54 Pac. R. 238", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "6 N. M. 491", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 4651122 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/nm/6/0491-01" ] }, { "cite": "4 N. M. 149", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 3623304 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/nm/4/0149-01" ] }, { "cite": "4 N. M. 29", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "pin_cites": [ { "page": "291" } ], "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "9 Tex. 372", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Tex.", "case_ids": [ 6769116 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/tex/9/0186-01" ] }, { "cite": "16 N. J. L. 94", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.J.L.", "case_ids": [ 585073 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/njl/16/0094-01" ] }, { "cite": "76 Va. 620", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Va.", "case_ids": [ 4386338 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/va/76/0620-01" ] }, { "cite": "77 Va. 763", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Va.", "case_ids": [ 4387511 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/va/77/0763-01" ] }, { "cite": "9 Tex. 498", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Tex.", "case_ids": [ 6770069 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/tex/9/0249-01" ] }, { "cite": "9 N. J. L. 32", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.J.L.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "4 How. 100", "category": "reporters:scotus_early", "reporter": "How.", "pin_cites": [ { "page": "101" } ], "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "2 Ten. Rep. 46", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Tenn.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "1 Ten. Rep. 267", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Tenn.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "1 Hill 342", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Hill", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "21 Cal. 134", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "33 Conn. 36", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Conn.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "34 Md. 93", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Md.", "case_ids": [ 1010505 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/md/34/0093-01" ] }, { "cite": "11 Pick. 66", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Pick.", "case_ids": [ 2016151 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/mass/28/0067-01" ] }, { "cite": "13 Me. 39", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Me.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "3 Ill. App. 590", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App.", "case_ids": [ 5776264 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app/3/0590-01" ] }, { "cite": "6 Johns.. (N. Y.) 107", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Johns. Ch.", "case_ids": [ 1982799 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/johns-ch/6/0107-01" ] }, { "cite": "6 N. J. L.- 306", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.J.L.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "9 Conn. 392", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Conn.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "9 N. M. 316", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 2382197 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/nm/9/0316-01" ] }, { "cite": "99 Ill. 418", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill.", "case_ids": [ 2830489 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill/99/0418-01" ] }, { "cite": "50 Pac. 1076", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "49 Fed. 482", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.", "case_ids": [ 3818347 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f/49/0482-01" ] }, { "cite": "41 Ill. 413", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill.", "case_ids": [ 5217523 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill/41/0413-01" ] }, { "cite": "163 U. S. 468", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 468159 ], "weight": 3, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/163/0468-01" ] }, { "cite": "45 Pac. 1120", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "8 N. M. 562", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 4665955 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/8/0562-01" ] }, { "cite": "45 Pac. 1010", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "8 N. M. 409", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 4664896 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/8/0409-01" ] }, { "cite": "21 Cal. 130", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal.", "year": 1862, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "63 Tex. 42", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Tex.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "66 Pac. 517", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.", "weight": 5, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "9 N. M. 316", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 2382197 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/9/0316-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 1522, "char_count": 26380, "ocr_confidence": 0.413, "pagerank": { "raw": 9.281109217075283e-08, "percentile": 0.5119333212090743 }, "sha256": "ff2ef7c6121aa1d3e30eb5ebfed8c56ec496eab72f2c286ac33e5b3b07b2f4c4", "simhash": "1:f9e5453d2138dc20", "word_count": 4608 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T19:33:31.770725+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "Parker; Baker, McFie and McMillan, JJ., concur.", "Parker, Baker, McFie and McMillan, JJ., concur." ], "parties": [ "RAMONA L. de BACA, Administratrix, et al., Plaintiffs in Error, v. A. G. WILCOX, Defendant in Error." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "OPINION OF THE COURT.\nMILLS, C. J.\nBut two points are involved in the decision of this case, to-wit: (1) Will the writ of scire facias lie to revive a judgment since the enactment of the code of civil procedure in the year 1897? and, (2) if the writ does not lie are we estopped from considering the points assigned as error, because plaintiffs in error allowed a judgment to go against them by default in the lower court, and reserved no exceptions on which to base a writ of error?\nPrevious to the passage of our practice act or code of civil procedure, section 2685, Compiled Laws of 1897, writs of scire facias were freely issued by the courts of this Territory in appropriate cases. Subsection 1 of the code provides that, \u201cThere shall be in this Territory but one form of action for the enforcement or protection of private rights, and the redress or prevention of pri-Tate wrongs, which shall be denominated a civil action, etc.\u201d By subsection 175 of the code, as amended by section 6, chapter 75, Session Laws of 1899, it is provided that the code shall not affect proceedings for habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo war-ranto or other proceedings, to-wit: ... or actions in replevin, ejectment or proceedings by attachment, except so far as the same prescribes the time of service and return of process. Writs of scire facias are not mentioned as exempted from its operation.\nDefendant in error contends that a scire facias to revive a judgment is not affected by the code it not being an original but a judicial writ, founded on some matter of record; and that it is only the continuation of an action, a step leading to the execution already obtained, and enforcing the original demand for which the action was brought.\nThis court however held in the case of Browne & Manzanares Co. v. Chaves, 9 N. M. 316, that a scire facias proceeding was an action. In that case the court said: \u201cThe proceedings in this case show all the characteristics of an action at law. The record shows that a precipe was issued for the writ, and the writ of scire facias was issued, which is declared to be the equivalent of a declaration. The writ was returnable as other writs are. The defendant was ordered to show cause; pleas and demurrer were filed as in other cases; a judgment overruling the demurrer and dismissing the cause was entered ; and plaintiffs in error have the scire facias proceedings; not the original action, in this court, seeking a review and reversal, and we see no' reason why such proceedings should not be considered an action within the meaning of out statute.\u201d\nA proceeding by scire facias to revive a judgment being an action must be carried on as provided by our code. A complaint must be filed, summons must issue and be served, and the various steps leading to a judgment must be complied with.\nOur code being largely taken from the State of California, we are bound by the decisions of that State in interpreting such parts of it as are taken from it, when such interpretation is not locally inapplicable or unsuited to us on account of the different conditions and circumstances which exist.\nIn October, 1862, a clause of the California code read as follows, to-wit: \u201cThere shall be in this State but one form of civil action for the enforcement or protection of private rights, and the redress or prevention of private wrongs, etc.\u201d It will be observed that the provision in our code is in almost the same words as this, and in the case of Humiston v. Smith, 21 Cal. 130 (decided in October, 1862), the Supreme Court of that State, basing its opinion on cases decided in the State of New York, from the code of which State all other codes are taken, holds distinctly that the terms \u201ccivil action\u201d includes the remedy of scire facias, and that the adoption of their code or practice act abolished and superseded that writ. The remedy by scire facias in California, was we are aware, specifically repealed on March 10, 1880, but this was long after the decision of the case of Humiston v. Smith, supra.\nWe are therefore of the opinion that the writ of scire facias, so far at least as the revival of judgments is concerned, was abolished in this Territory by the adoption of the code of civil procedure by the Legislature of 1897.\nWe will now consider the second point, as to whether or not we are estopped from considering the points assigned as error, because plaintiffs in error suffered \u2022 a judgment to* go against them by default in the lower court, and reserved no exceptions. on which to base a writ of error.\nIt is a general rule that errors complained of must be objected to and exceptions saved, or they will be disregarded in an appellate court. This principle has been frequently enunciated by this court. Neher v. Armijo, 66 Pac. 517 and cases cited: but we have also recognized tbe exception to the general rule which authorizes us to notice without exception jurisdictional and other matters which may cause a case to be inherently and fatally defective. Neher v. Armijo, 66 Pac. 517. The question of jurisdiction may be raised for the first time in the appellate court, or the court may, of its own motion, take notice of such want of jurisdiction. 2 Cyc. 680.\n. If another inferior court has no jurisdiction of a cause, an appeal from its decision confers no jurisdiction upon appellate court. 2 Cyc. 537.\nA court can not try a question except when approached in a particular way as the law withholds jurisdiction unless the court is approached in the manner provided by law. 12 Ency. P. and P., p. 120. Courts have no power until their action is called into exercise by some kind of pleading, authorized by law, to render a judgment in favor of any person, than they have to render judgment against a person until he has been brought within the jurisdiction of the court in some manner recognized by law as sufficient. Dunlap v. Sutherlin, 63 Tex. 42.\nHaving held that the writ of scire facias was abolished in this Territory by the adoption of the code in 1897, it necessarily follows, that the lower court had no jurisdiction to entertain and enter judgment upon said writ, consequently the action of the court in entering such judgment was coram non juclice. The court below having no jurisdiction, to enter the judgment, we hold that we can take notice of such want of jurisdiction, of our own motion, without any exception having been reserved in the court below.\nIn accordance with the views expressed above, this cause is therefore reversed and remanded to the district court of Yalencia county, with instructions to dismiss the writ of scire facias, and it is so ordered.\nParker; Baker, McFie and McMillan, JJ., concur.\nf:f)shr\u00aboaa*3 \u00ab\u00a1sIb oyjs\u00ed\u00ed sw Snd \u00a1bailo aoauo bits Y\u00ed<\u00fc ,.ob\u00abI \u00abW ais sashod\u00edus \u00edbirfw at/n iB'iooray silt od ooidcr/jxo ei\u00ed'i ~j>irn 'Io\u00ed\u00edjo Jws ten<)fj\u2018>jtf\u00bbywi[ so\u00ed\u00e1qooxy jffoibinr wiaivt *Jf 'AiMUR\u00c1STO 1\u00edANSWM\u00a9h I f# m.fMbffit\u00edW-\u00bb \u00abr.r\u00edaoG\u00edE\u00a91S(3[E^E! N\u00c9ySN^ro'\u00e9f\u00e9kd\u00e1ffMfi^r\u00ed&^/'^J^^ \u00bfjifi i\u00edl o\u00ed\u00eds\u00fc fere ft add i\u00fc'I boais'\u00ed sd vj\u00edjh uoidarLabyj, b> \u00abnoLio\u00edii \u00a1ru\u00f3 ai i '\u00b1o *\u00bb \u00bffono:\u00bb .'lirslkiqqfs\ni!:\u2019-.'-'-;''.\") S .ay\u00ed)\u00cd\u00edo;\u00edm\u00ed\"EL Yo \u00bf\u00ab\u00ab7/- \u00edforja So wiob: .t\u00f3Lrd When one of the parties to a suit sues out an appeal wnicn is &edf&,fl\u00ed>\u00cd\u00c9S^&8tISjfr^HI!iitfMS\u00cd& b\u00edlSe'\u00ed^\u00e1^f^td^\u00e1e^\u00e9E&\u00e9^\u00cdPoi\u00ed\u00ed suing \u00f1u4'.fel6-M\u2018Pj^3tmi\u2019afef\u00ed'jSeis\u00ae\u00a7.w:tGgKtMn.fei3,\u00cd3\u00ed,\u00a7ia\u00edl'leM#iq^ftviejo9ouTOd on the trial, and which wei-^jaotjxerji^edj^^^u-.^,^^ &oqB\n\u00abffw\u00abt\u00f3;aa*r*4 mrmy&tsp\u00bb *r .\u00abu v> **1\u2122,\n\u2022J!,f\u2019'ijSn*lB;\u00ed'aft7orS\u00cd3ii\u00ed\u00ed\u00abi1it1W\u00ed\u00bfgw!K\u00ed m',w\" '\u00a1u\u00ed'\u00bb\u00edi9\u2018s oi fd firummirr:? io bud 'mm vd\niraod 3B\u00ed\u00ed oxf Irtmi mim^q * daamp.B daem'gfmi; nybooo o\u00ed\u00ed\u00edor ai dio\u00bb*\u00bb ^nl\u00edo#*#4SHM\u00a1\u2018^l)UE^. \u00ab\u00a1M\u00bb dii^'jivi.i \u2019\u00fa Ur^lRi\u2019\u00cdD'\u00ed OJV b\u00eddvr:;\u00bb\n'u\u00a9f\u00bf3ij'ig\u00bfeii\u00edbfe> Was \u00abt\u00edturfed in11 \u00edb\u2019#tb\u00e1&\u00e9?%3^ bb%'-%\u00ed\u00a7t\u00eddfc\u00a5Ifc^iilf'1\u00e9*l\u00eddi\u00ed%G\u00cdSf\u00bf'g0i\u00cd&.e'tTMl\u00e91' r\u00f3\u2019f tbe property and tbe paymentYtt>^'t\u00edle'r<^rbiif\u00f3y o? \u00e1M\u00f1x\u00e9d bh\u00bfWbt\u00b0\u00edf wS'refl\u00ae! i\u00a7Mf\u00e9\u00e9 \u00e1nd\u2018-p\u00ed;6fits\u2018'ubt::bfrtbe pro-c\u00e9fe\u00edd^* ^fstbe\u00ed>\u00e1a\u00cd^'\u00e1\u00a5bb'\u00bflr^gbbr'\u00e9ly'r0\u00edi\u2018fBet\u00edliSMb % *\u00ed'90O) N\u00e9K\u00e9^-kpv^ebff\u00e9\u00bf\"\u2018\u00e1\u00a3'di'We t\u00ed&\u00e9 earbWftii S\u00f3i^bferin^ \u00e1tW\u00e9 January, 1901^\u00edtferrffl\u00edbf)%f\u00eds^l;\u00e1tfi\u00edty\u00bf'1]S;\u00ed%i^\u00edKbb\u00ed\u2018\u00edb\u00bf\u2018c]p\u00cd\u00e13.\u00edt-tif\u00eds* \u2018x3r,err\u00a1bF bel^in1\" ab1sifet3&0-tMRi\u00ae tbbr&*~w\u00e1s,%& \u2018\u25a0\u201c'error prejudicial to Neber in tbe judgment, buNtbai tb\u00e9re was error prejudicial to themselves. They did not however file any cross-appeal, but their counsel stated that if \u201ca cross-appeal is deemed by the court to be necessary to enable it to review the action of the trial court in this regard, a cross-appeal will be taken by appellees, but it is earnestly urged that no such cross-appeal is necessary.\u201d\nOn October 1,1901, an opinion was filed in the case by Mr. Justice Parker, affirming the judgment of the court below, and in his opinion he refused to consider certain errors claimed to exist by appellees, saying:\n\u201cAppellees complain that error was committed by the court below against them in not charging appellant with interest on the annual receipts of rents and profits which belonged to them, and in allowing appellant certain items of taxes paid by him after the institution of the ejectment suit, exceptions to which were duly saved; but no appeal or cross-appeal was taken by them, and no assignments of error filed. It requires no citation of authority to establish the proposition that, independent of some statute providing a different rule, appeal and assignment of errors are quite as essential to present a question to an appellate court1 for review as are objections and exceptions to the errors complained of. Counsel seems to concede the general rule, but insists that under the peculiar terms of our statute it is the duty of this court to correct the errors of which he complains. The statute relied upon is as follows: \u2018In all cases now pending in the Supreme Court, or which may hereafter be pending in the Supreme Court, and which may have been tried by the equity side of the court, or which may have been tried by a jury on the common law side of the court, or in which a jury may have been waived, and the cause tried by the court or the judge thereof, it shall be the duty of the Supreme Court to look into all the rulings and decisions of the court which may be apparent upon the records, or which may be incorporated in a bill of exceptions, and pass upon all of them, and upon the errors, if any shall be found therein, in the rulings and decisions of the court below, grant a new trial or render such other judgment as may be right and just and in accordance with law; and said Supreme Court _shall not decline to pass upon any question of law or fact which may appear in any record either upon the face of the record or in the hill of exceptions because the cause was tried by the court or judge thereof without a jury, but shall review said cause in the same manner and to the same extent as if it had been tried by a jury.\u2019 Comp. Laws of 1897, sec. 897. If the interpretation of this section of the statute invoked by appellees is to be adopted, it is easily made manifest to what absurd results we will be brought.\n\u201cIt will be no longer necessary to make objection or save exception in the trial courts of this Territory. Learned counsel may sit by, and see the trial court, in the hurry and tedium of a protracted trial, commit any sort of error, and never call attention to the same, or lend the court the aid to which it is entitled in arriving at a correct conclusion. If unsuccessful, he may appeal to this court, and assign errors, or, failing in that, may call attention to the errors complained of in his brief, or, failing in that, he may turn over the record and bill of exceptions to this court, and say: \u2018Here is this record. It is full of errors. Take it, examine it, and render such judgment as may be right and just, and in accordance with law.\u2019 And the successful party may do the same thing in case of an appeal by his opponent, as in this case. It is apparent that the Legislature never intended the statute to have an effect so inconsistent with all the principles of trial and appellate procedure and the due administration of justice. This statute does not pretend to deal with methods of saving exceptions and presenting errors to the appellate court. It simply provides that errors shall be passed upon. Can it contend that immaterial, invited, or waived errors are to be passed upon? We think not. An error of the trial court ceases to be sucb in the appellate court if the same is immaterial, invited, or has been waived. We think the errors mentioned in the statute are such errors only as have been made available by the party presenting them. We axe confirmed in this conclusion by the persistent ruling of this court ever since this statute was passed in 1889 to the effect that only such errors as are properly saved and presented will be considered. See Laird v. Upton, 8 N. M. 409, 45 Pac. 1010; Padilla v. Territory, 8 N. M. 562, 45 Pac. 1120; Grayson v. Lynch, 163 U. S. 468, 16 Sup. Ct. 1064, 41 L. Ed. 230, in each of which this section was held not to modify existing rules of procedure. It is likewise to be understood that we recognize the exceptions to the general rule which authorizes this court to notice without exceptions or presentation jurisdictional and other matters which may render a case inherently and fatally defective, and require a reversal.\u201d Neher v. Armijo, 66 Pac. 517.\nOn the day this opinion was handed down, or soon after, counsel for Neher filed a motion for a rehearing of the case, which motion was overruled at the January, 1902, term of this court.\nOn October 4, 1901, which was within the statutory time, plaintiff in error sued out a writ of error, and caused the same to be served upon the defendant in error, Neher.\nCounsel for defendant in error filed a plea setting up that the action of this court in case No. 902, Neher v. Armijo et al., 66 Pac. 517, was a bar to the prosecution of this writ of error. To this plea defendant demurred, so that there is but one point for us to consider in passing on this case, in its present shape, viz.: Where a party to an action has taken an appeal, and the other party has taken no cross-appeal and consequently has assigned no errors, and a judgment is given on such appeal, is the other party estopped thereby from suing out a writ of error, and having the same heard?\nWrits of error had their origin in the common law, and have been adopted in the United States as;,aopa>rfeof the common-law system. 2 Cyc. 508; Hardings 'Larkin,' 41 Ill. 413. The remedy by appeal \u00a1was;unkno wn\"to, the common law, and is a right which .\u2018kasi\u00edbeendgiwen\u00ed b,y; statute. 2 Cyc. 507; Harding v. Larkin, 41 Ill. 413.\nIn the absence OiftiConstitiiHQnaliTimitaliioiis-tbe.Leg>, islatnre may prescribe: the mode (andspecifyUheananner in which a cause jSh\u00e1Eafee/ferought ]iip\u00ed,fr.om-i'tb'\u00e9'\u00edl0;wer courts todheia^pelitaitetboiirit; f a suit who: 'Considers hi mself /.aggrieved _ by thp assignihento o\u00ed; \u00ederrohs t ,o\u00fc i a? pross-appeal^ if yOioecis\u25a0taken! r j c t js.tc; it- \u00a1 \u00a1 * ( < f o i i nhf\n' rCxoss-a'p.pdals have - frequentlycbeeh. brought before us, and we-er\u00a1ror.Sj wMhhtwehavhdeyiawB5\u00ed]\u00ab7^i!-b)\u00ab\u00ed im\u00bb bcm pm\u00ed\u00edo -Ito \u00edfti $m mbdfyfHf\u00ed&SB&9$ (j&n\u00a7F9A\u2018M^#most @1 $?$?\u00bb>& W\u00fa^ciMi\u00e1M^-sa\u00edfe^ W\u00f1 ft^PP^MhBgSM from a decree which he soughjt j$ |ig,T^\u00ed^e\u00edfers^.d>;e^\u00ed4^ -\u00a5hhk4fPBe\u00a7;W%a%P^ fehft \u00edft\u00a5\u00ed?> ajBB^aJefeA^T^\u00cdl\u00edbte^ ft# mftirpieft, Domm-mii mr*u jO\u00edr $t}% g\u00ed*wglght \u00abrtsSfflft??#\u00bb mm %<\u00a5 W&# -ftqfto^M^iPf\u00edjftfc\u00ed^PR^ePi^iSqpy\u00edi ftfi .'M'iff\u00ed^ippi^^.d $MlM W\u00ae<%$% ^p^r^a^vhe^dift^gp\u00c1sli^jifJi?^#^ for in that case, after0ope \u00a1^pgealihfid^hepp^d^i^d^fte other pafty ,^ojigh;h to \u25a0 appeal, .while injlp?: .case .-after \u201eftp0appeplftad ftgen.jdpci^ejigft^ ofter^paift, eggkgyfP sue out a writ of error, to review cgrtgin.grrors alleged PS?,up#lffl':fte tfthft P\u00cdafte^p^g- l>40Hi^Uck were not reviewed on the appeal.\nIn Northern Pac. R. Co. v. Glaspell, 49 Fed. 482, Judge Shiras holds that one party can sue out a writ of error to the Supreme Court of the United States for the purpose of presenting the question of jurisdiction, \u2018While) the ;cithet' party;appealed\u2022; fq the) circuitpourtgof appeals,;and;:that; jthg .appeal' wpuldgbe eonfinpedp\u2019-p the pireuitoeo\u00ae?\u00ae of\u00a1mppg&i:SL'tpyawajit the g^gSWflJQ\u00cd the Supreme Court on the question of jurisdictionv /p\nWhere a system of appellate procedure has been adopted which contemplates-both the remedies by appeal and, by, writ of error, .but makes mo provision for the \u25a0Msigpniqpfcrpf gross#e:i?iPP$, ;qpeirp5i(pty5E.pi,ay1.|ippgal app 'tfiemth\u00e9fr'pros\u00e9cuteo\u00e1 wrih\u00edof $beoe?.i>\u00bb2 i\u20acyc.fi;5\u00a30-. ai \u25a0\nIn Harding v. Larkin, 41 IlE 41B'(\u00edthfe'-,c\u00f3'\u00fcrt';'hold,s, that a plaintiff may .prqsecute, a writ ot error, although \u2022pi? owimioT* K. pmon ter;.ta\u00a1]> -nil at ip-nm \u00ae the '.defendant has appealed from phe .same judgment, -sro \u00cd-- ,;P~mJifma. ,. \u00edTcypjl.U,>yi .t\u00ed ,\u00ed;Ur\u00bfAQ j'va Pm-imem osime brh J&o&vPl and that one of these proceedings does not affect the other, and that both may progress at the same time.\nBrennam v. Bank, 50 Pac. 1076, holds that the failure of an appellee in the court of appeals to assign cross-errors does not cut him off from the right to a subsequent writ of error, and the same doctrine is held in Page v. People, 99 Ill. 418.\nOn the review of this case on the writ of error, nothing of course can be considered which was decided in the case of Neher v. Armijo, 66 Pac. 517, as that is already res judicata, but we can see no good reason if error intervened against the plaintiffs in error on the trial of this cause in the lower court which were not considered by us on hearing of the appeal, because cross-assignments of error were not made, why such matters should not now be considered by us.\nIt is therefore ordered that the demurrer filed to the plea in this case be sustained, and the plea overruled, and it is so ordered.\nParker, Baker, McFie and McMillan, JJ., concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "MILLS, C. J." } ], "attorneys": [ "Catron & Gortner for plaintiffs in error.", "McMillan & Raynolds for defendant in error." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "[No. 921.\nApril 25, 1902.]\nRAMONA L. de BACA, Administratrix, et al., Plaintiffs in Error, v. A. G. WILCOX, Defendant in Error.\nSYLLABUS.\n1. Writs of sGire facias, so far at least as the revival of judgments are concerned, were abolished in this Territory by the adoption of the code of civil procedure.\n2. When a lower court has no jurisdiction to enter a judgment, the question of jurisdiction may be raised for the first time in an appellate court.\nError to the district court of Valencia county, before J. W. Crump acker, Associate Justice.\nReversed and remanded.\nCatron & Gortner for plaintiffs in error.\nA proceeding to review a judgment by scire facias after the same has b\u00e9come dormant is an \u201caction.\u201d\nBrowne & Manzanares C\u00f3. v. Chavez, 9 N. M. 316; Fenner v. Evans, 1 Term R. 268; Grey v. Jones, 2 Wils. 251; Pnlteney v. Townson, 2 Bla! Rep. 1227, 2 Tidd 1046, Co. Litt. 290; Ensworth v. Davenport, 9 Conn. 392; Green-way v. Dare, 6 N. J. L.- 306; Gonnigal v. Smith, 6 Johns.. (N. Y.) 107; Gibbons v. Goodrich, 3 Ill. App. 590.\nSee also\u2014\nPotter v. Titcomb, 13 Me. 39; Atwood v. Burr, 2 Salk. 603; Clark v. Paine, 11 Pick. 66; Kirkland v. Krebs, 34 Md. 93; Bentley v. Se-vier, Hempst. (C. C.) 249; Smith v. Repley, 33 Conn. 36, 8 Bac. Abr. 598.\nIt is an action within the meaning of the N. M. Code of Civil Procedure passed March 18, 1897.\nC. L. 97, sec. 2685. snbsec. 1.\nThe New Mexico Code was taken almost entirely from the Codes of California and New York.\nSee on this point\u2014\nHumiston v. Smith, 21 Cal. 134; Cameron et al. v. Young,. 6 How. Pr. (N. Y.) 373; Murphy v. Cochran, 1 Hill 342; Alden v. Clark, 11 How. Prac. 210; 1 Ten. Rep. 267; 2 Ten. Rep. 46.\nThe writ of scire facias, both as-a public and private remedy is entirely abolished by the code.\nCatskill Bank v. Sanford, 4 How. 100, 101. While a judgment may be revived there is no revival of a lien of a judgment on real estate. The revivor of a judgment by scire facias creates no new lien.\nWoolston v. Gale, 9 N. J. L. 32; Murray v. Baker, 5 B. Monroe 172; Bullock v. Ballew, 9 Tex. 498; Jordan v. McCurdy, 77 Va. 763; Wade v. Hancock, 76 Va. 620; Humphrey v. Lundy, 37 Mo. 32\u00d3; Patrick v. Newell, 1 Bebb. (Ky.) 323; Tindell v. Carson, 16 N. J. L. 94; Camp v. Gainer, 9 Tex. 372.\nMcMillan & Raynolds for defendant in error.\nThe plaintiffs in error have no standing in court as they have failed to make or file assignments of error in this court.\nSection 3140, Compiled Laws of 1897; Supreme Court Rule 14; Lamy v. Lamy, 4 N. M. 29, 291; Deemer v. Falkenburg, 4 N. M. 149; Martin v. Terry et al., 6 N. M. 491. .\nThe abolishment of the remedy of revivor of a judgment scire facias was not contemplated by the code, and there is no express provision changing the. common law remedy.\nFreeman on Executions, sec. 82 and cases cited; Freeman on Judgments, sec.' 442 and 444; Browne & Manzanarez v. Chavez, 9 N. M. 316, 54 Pac. R. 238. ;\nIn Missouri scire facias is the proper remedy to revive a judgment and no pleading is required.\nMerchants etc. Co. v. Hill, 17 Mo. App. 590.\nThe plaintiffs in error cannot raise the question attempted in this court for the first time, not having raised it in the court below.\n19 Ency. PL & Pr., 266; State v. Shively, 10 Or. 267; People v. Hall, 80 N. Y. 119; People v. Thatcher, 55 N. Y. 528; McDowell v. As-bury, 66 N. C. 444; Freeman on Judgments, sec. 538; Chavez v. McKnight et al., 1 N. M. 147; Laguna v. A coma, 1 N. M. 220; Crabtree v. Segrist, 3 N. M. 495; Nehr v. Armijo, 66 Pac. 517; Holmes et al. v. Fitch et al., 16 Ind. 358; Slaughter v. Farland, 31 Gratt. (Va.) 134; Brown v. Waterman, 10 Cush. (Mass.) 117; Asher v. Deyoe, 77 Hun (N. Y.) 531; Folmsbee v. Amsterdam, 66 Hun 214; Creager v. School District, 62 Mich. 214; Buffalo etc. Co. v. Delaware etc. Railroad Co., 130 N. Y. 152; Scud-der v. Jones, 134 Ind. 574; 8 Ency. PL and Pr., p. 197.\nPLAINTIFFS\u2019\u2019 REPLY BRIEF.\nPlaintiffs\u2019 points and citations in response to defendant\u2019s brief.\nLutz y. Ry. Co., 6 N. M. 497; Perea v. Bank, 6 N. M. 1; Humeston v. Smith, 21 Cal. 129.\nThe Code furnishes its own rules for the construction of its pleadings, and it is to be carried into effect according to its terms, and upon principles peculiar to itself.\n4 Ency.. PL and Pr., p. 557, note 1, p. 558 from 11 N. Y. 354; 12 Ency. PI. and Pr., p. 120.\nParties must be brought before the tribunal by. proper pleadings according to the practice and the law of the case, before the power to hear and determine the cause attaches.\n12 Ency. PL and Pr., 129; 71 Iowa 421-4; Dunlap v. Southerlin, 63 Tex. 42; 1 Elliott\u2019s Geni. Practice p. 250; Thomas y. People, 107 Ill. 524.\nThe statement of facts constituting a cause of action is absolutely jurisdictional, and if a petition lack this essential, the judgment upon it will be avoided.\n4 Ency. PL, p. 601, note p.; Halleck y. \u25a0Janden, 34 Cal. 173; Weil v. Greene Co., 69 Mo. 286; Greer y. Adams, 6 Kan. 126; Gragin y. Lovell, 109 U. S. 199; Thurston v. King, 1 Abb. Pr. 126.\nSTATEMENT OF FACTS.\nOn September 1, 1893, a judgment was\u2019rendered in the district court of Valencia county, in favor of A. G. Wilcox, plaintiff, v. Roman A. Baca, defendant, for $372.27, and costs. Execution was sued out, to which return was made January 10, 1894; alias execution was sued out May 8, 1894, to which return was made Decern-ber 15, 1894. Nothing further was done until April 20, 1900, when writs of scire facias were issued to the sheriffs of Santa Fe and Valencia counties, seeking to revive the judgment of September 1, 1893, for its full amount, and interest and costs. The scire facias proceedings were brought, according to the recitals in the writ, against, the plaintiffs in error as the successors, administrators and heirs of said original defendant Roman A. Baca, stating their succession as a matter of fact.\nService was made, as appears by the record, certificate of non-appearance was issued by the clerk of the district court on April 20, 1900, and on June 1, 1900, the judgment was revived by the court against the plaintiffs in error herein, they not appearing, for the amount of the original judgment, interest and costs, and execution was awarded against all of the property which the said plaintiff was entitled to have subjected to his execution during the lifetime of the deceased Roman A. Baca.\nTo this judgment, writ of error was sued out." }, "file_name": "0346-01", "first_page_order": 364, "last_page_order": 378 }