{ "id": 18332, "name": "In the Matter for the Application of Gas Company of New Mexico for an Order authorizing recovery of settlement amounts and legal consulting fees as take-or-pay costs incurred by its predecessor, Southern Union Gas Company, through Rate Rider No. 11. SOUTHERN UNION GAS COMPANY, Appellant, v. NEW MEXICO PUBLIC UTILITY COMMISSION, Appellee, and Tom Udall, Attorney General, State of New Mexico, New Mexico Industrial Energy Consumers, and Incorporated County of Los Alamos, Intervenors", "name_abbreviation": "Southern Union Gas Co. v. New Mexico Public Utility Commission", "decision_date": "1997-09-24", "docket_number": "No. 23501", "first_page": "176", "last_page": "186", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "124 N.M. 176" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "1997-NMSC-056" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "947 P.2d 133" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.M.", "id": 8835, "name": "Supreme Court of New Mexico" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 52, "name_long": "New Mexico", "name": "N.M." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "101 N.M. 549", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1586333 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1984, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "552", "parenthetical": "noting that Public Utility Commission's consideration of costs incurred by a public utility in assessing propriety of a rate-increase, requires, at a minimum, proof that public utility actually incurred those costs" }, { "page": "960", "parenthetical": "noting that Public Utility Commission's consideration of costs incurred by a public utility in assessing propriety of a rate-increase, requires, at a minimum, proof that public utility actually incurred those costs" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/101/0549-01" ] }, { "cite": "75 N.M. 7", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 5376356 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1964, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "17", "parenthetical": "holding that the Commission lacked jurisdiction over company that did not currently fall within statutory definition of public utility" }, { "page": "654", "parenthetical": "holding that the Commission lacked jurisdiction over company that did not currently fall within statutory definition of public utility" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/75/0007-01" ] }, { "cite": "115 N.M. 784", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 725400 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1993, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "788" }, { "page": "1267" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/115/0784-01" ] }, { "cite": "115 N.M. 678", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 725441 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1993, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "684", "parenthetical": "holding Commission could not depart from past practice absent notice to utility which relied on past practice in context of ordered refund by gas utility" }, { "page": "62", "parenthetical": "holding Commission could not depart from past practice absent notice to utility which relied on past practice in context of ordered refund by gas utility" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/115/0678-01" ] }, { "cite": "89 N.M. 223", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 2867377 ], "weight": 4, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "227" }, { "page": "642" }, { "page": "227" }, { "page": "642" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/89/0223-01" ] }, { "cite": "121 N.M. 272", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1566590 ], "weight": 4, "year": 1996, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "274-75" }, { "page": "908-09" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/121/0272-01" ] }, { "cite": "67 N.M. 108", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 2714916 ], "weight": 4, "year": 1960, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "117", "parenthetical": "\"The power of the commission does not extend to acts of a utility not affecting its public duties; its jurisdiction is limited to matters and controversies wherein the rights of a utility and the public are involved.\"" }, { "page": "68", "parenthetical": "\"The power of the commission does not extend to acts of a utility not affecting its public duties; its jurisdiction is limited to matters and controversies wherein the rights of a utility and the public are involved.\"" }, { "page": "118" }, { "page": "69", "parenthetical": "\"In this connection the question is posed as to whether the matter of dispute between appellant and appellee is of a private nature or a matter of public concern\"" } ], "opinion_index": 1, "case_paths": [ "/nm/67/0108-01" ] }, { "cite": "94 N.M. 731", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1573092 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1980, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "733-34", "parenthetical": "discussing the factors available to the PUC in determining the value of a utility for purposes of ratemaking" }, { "page": "1118-19", "parenthetical": "discussing the factors available to the PUC in determining the value of a utility for purposes of ratemaking" } ], "opinion_index": 1, "case_paths": [ "/nm/94/0731-01" ] }, { "cite": "810 F.2d 1168", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.2d", "case_ids": [ 4329924, 1635526 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1192" } ], "opinion_index": 1, "case_paths": [ "/us-app-dc/258/0189-01", "/f2d/810/1168-01" ] }, { "cite": "114 N.M. 154", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 731559 ], "weight": 8, "year": 1992, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "157", "parenthetical": "\"[W]e must always keep in mind that 'the Commission is vested with considerable discretion in determining the justness and reasonableness of utility rates.'\"" }, { "page": "76", "parenthetical": "\"[W]e must always keep in mind that 'the Commission is vested with considerable discretion in determining the justness and reasonableness of utility rates.'\"" }, { "page": "158" }, { "page": "77", "parenthetical": "\" 'Our limited but vital role is to ensure that the end result of a rate order reasonably balances investor and ratepayer interests.'\"" } ], "opinion_index": 1, "case_paths": [ "/nm/114/0154-01" ] }, { "cite": "101 N.M. 549", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1586333 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1984, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "553" }, { "page": "961" } ], "opinion_index": 1, "case_paths": [ "/nm/101/0549-01" ] }, { "cite": "89 N.M. 223", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 2867377 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "227" }, { "page": "642" } ], "opinion_index": 1, "case_paths": [ "/nm/89/0223-01" ] }, { "cite": "66 F.3d 894", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.3d", "case_ids": [ 11320434 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "897" } ], "opinion_index": 2, "case_paths": [ "/f3d/66/0894-01" ] }, { "cite": "416 U.S. 232", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 84435 ], "weight": 3, "year": 1974, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "236", "parenthetical": "\"[I]n passing on a motion to dismiss ... on the ground of lack of jurisdiction over the subject matter, ... the allegations of the complaint should be construed favorably to the pleader.\"" }, { "page": "1686", "parenthetical": "\"[I]n passing on a motion to dismiss ... on the ground of lack of jurisdiction over the subject matter, ... the allegations of the complaint should be construed favorably to the pleader.\"" }, { "parenthetical": "\"[I]n passing on a motion to dismiss ... on the ground of lack of jurisdiction over the subject matter, ... the allegations of the complaint should be construed favorably to the pleader.\"" } ], "opinion_index": 2, "case_paths": [ "/us/416/0232-01" ] }, { "cite": "795 F.Supp. 253", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F. Supp.", "case_ids": [ 7405941 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "257" } ], "opinion_index": 2, "case_paths": [ "/f-supp/795/0253-01" ] }, { "cite": "114 N.M. 154", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 731559 ], "weight": 4, "year": 1992, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "161", "parenthetical": "requiring Commission to \"balance the investor's interest against the ratepayer's interest\"" }, { "page": "80", "parenthetical": "requiring Commission to \"balance the investor's interest against the ratepayer's interest\"" }, { "page": "161" }, { "page": "80" } ], "opinion_index": 2, "case_paths": [ "/nm/114/0154-01" ] }, { "cite": "101 N.M. 549", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1586333 ], "weight": 7, "year": 1984, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "hereinafter \"Attorney General \"" }, { "parenthetical": "hereinafter \"Attorney General \"" }, { "page": "551" }, { "page": "959" }, { "page": "552" }, { "page": "959" } ], "opinion_index": 2, "case_paths": [ "/nm/101/0549-01" ] }, { "cite": "75 N.M. 7", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 5376356 ], "weight": 6, "year": 1964, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "9" }, { "page": "647" }, { "page": "18-19" }, { "page": "653-54" } ], "opinion_index": 2, "case_paths": [ "/nm/75/0007-01" ] }, { "cite": "115 N.M. 784", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 725400 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1993, "opinion_index": 2, "case_paths": [ "/nm/115/0784-01" ] }, { "cite": "89 N.M. 223", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 2867377 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "227" }, { "page": "642" } ], "opinion_index": 2, "case_paths": [ "/nm/89/0223-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 1208, "char_count": 35158, "ocr_confidence": 0.684, "pagerank": { "raw": 2.135771028113528e-07, "percentile": 0.7664197796859972 }, "sha256": "55d1cb2db3cba26597a2641112ee0656aad0b7460b29633642007f8abd5f299a", "simhash": "1:22497e1518429184", "word_count": 5581 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T16:08:56.503190+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "FRANCHINI, C.J., and SERNA, J., concur.", "MINZNER and McKINNON, JJ., dissent and file opinions." ], "parties": [ "In the Matter for the Application of Gas Company of New Mexico for an Order authorizing recovery of settlement amounts and legal consulting fees as take-or-pay costs incurred by its predecessor, Southern Union Gas Company, through Rate Rider No. 11. SOUTHERN UNION GAS COMPANY, Appellant, v. NEW MEXICO PUBLIC UTILITY COMMISSION, Appellee, and Tom Udall, Attorney General, State of New Mexico, New Mexico Industrial Energy Consumers, and Incorporated County of Los Alamos, Intervenors." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "OPINION\nBACA, Justice.\nI.\n1. Southern Union Gas Company (\u201cSouthern Union\u201d) appeals a New Mexico Public Utility Commission (\u201cCommission\u201d) Order dismissing with prejudice Public Service Company of New Mexico\u2019s (\u201cPNM\u201d) application for a gas rate increase. Southern Union raises several issues on appeal, including the allegation that the Commission erred in concluding that it lacked jurisdiction to consider the requested rate increase. We review the Order pursuant to NMSA 1978, Section 62-11-1 (1993) (providing for appeal of Commission orders directly to the Supreme Court). We affirm the Commission\u2019s Order based on its lack of jurisdiction to consider the requested rate increase, rendering resolution of all other appellate issues unnecessary.\nII.\n2. On January 28, 1985, Southern Union sold its New Mexico gas utility assets to PNM. The Commission approved the sale, retaining jurisdiction to the extent permitted by law in order to ensure compliance with the Order authorizing the sale. Under the Purchase and Sales Agreement, Southern Union retained liability for \u201clitigation and claims resulting from any act or omission by Southern Union ... with respect to ... the operation of the businesses.\u201d In addition, PNM agreed to pursue on Southern Union\u2019s behalf, \u201cregulatory applications and proceedings\u201d necessary for the recovery of these excluded obligations. Thus, Southern Union retained liability for the pre-January 28, 1985, claims later made by Unicon Production Company (\u201cUnicon\u201d), in connection with take-or-pay gas purchase contracts entered into by Southern Union and Unicon in the 1950s.\n3. In 1989, Southern Union paid approximately $3.4 million to Unicon in accordance with a settlement agreement, which discharged Southern Union from liability for Unicon\u2019s claims arising out of the take-or-pay contracts. Southern Union then requested that PNM file a rate increase application on Southern Union\u2019s behalf so that Southern Union could recover seventy-five percent of the costs of litigation and settlement associated with the Unicon settlement. On October 31,1990, in compliance with the Purchase and Sales Agreement, PNM filed a rate increase request with the Commission on behalf of Southern Union.\n4. Initially, the Commission dismissed the rate increase request without prejudice, acknowledging that it had jurisdiction over the subject matter and parties involved, but finding that PNM had failed to meet its burden of proof. On April 28, 1995, PNM again requested a rate increase on behalf of Southern Union. Southern Union intervened in support of PNM\u2019s application. In response to the second request, and following receipt of three motions to dismiss, the Commission entered a dismissal with prejudice without specifying the grounds for the dismissal. PNM did not appeal that Order. However, Southern Union filed both a motion for rehearing with the Commission and this appeal.\nIII.\n5. We are asked to review the second Commission Order disposing of PNM\u2019s rate increase application. Although Southern Union raises many issues on appeal, the dispositive issue is whether the Commission has jurisdiction over a public gas utility\u2019s request to recover costs incurred by its predecessor utility. When addressing jurisdictional determinations made by the Commission we conduct a de novo review, giving little deference to the Commission\u2019s jurisdictional determination. United Water N.M., Inc. v. New Mexico Pub. Util. Comm\u2019n, 1996 NMSC 007 \u00b6 8, 121 N.M. 272, 274-75, 910 P.2d 906, 908-09 (1996).\n6. Southern Union points to the Commission\u2019s Order retaining jurisdiction over matters affecting the Southern Union/PNM Purchase and Sales Agreement as support for the Commission\u2019s determination that it had jurisdiction over PNM, Southern Union, and PNM\u2019s rate increase application. However, the scope of the Commission\u2019s jurisdiction is defined by statute and the Commission cannot enter an order extending the scope of that jurisdiction. See United Water, 1996 NMSC 007 \u00b6 8, 121 N.M. 272, 910 P.2d 906; see also Public Serv. Co. of N.M. v. New Mexico Envtl. Improvement Bd., 89 N.M. 223, 227, 549 P.2d 638, 642 (Ct.App.1976) (administrative agency cannot amend or enlarge statutorily defined authority). Thus, the Commission\u2019s jurisdiction over this matter cannot be founded on the language of the Order.\n7. Southern Union next argues that the Commission was obligated to assert jurisdiction in this case based on their prior assertion of jurisdiction in similar proceedings. The Commission, according to Southern Union, is prohibited from changing established policies without notice to the affected parties. Without resolving whether the Commission has improperly asserted jurisdiction over matters similar to the instant case, we reiterate that the Commission cannot legitimately exercise jurisdiction over Southern Union unless Southern Union properly falls within the Commission\u2019s statutorily defined jurisdiction. We are not obligated to enforce, nor should we enforce a pattern of erroneous'jurisdictional determinations in order to achieve consistency in the Commission\u2019s assertion of jurisdiction. Cf. Environmental Improvement Bd., 89 N.M. at 227, 549 P.2d at 642. The rule prohibiting the Commission from departing from past practice absent prior notice does not apply to jurisdictional determinations. Cf. Hobbs Gas Co. v. New Mexico Pub. Serv. Comm\u2019n, 115 N.M. 678, 684, 858 P.2d 54, 62 (1993) (holding Commission could not depart from past practice absent notice to utility which relied on past practice in context of ordered refund by gas utility). Thus, regardless of whether the Commission has previously asserted jurisdiction over cases of a similar nature, we must still find a statutory basis for allowing the assertion of jurisdiction in the instant ease.\n8. The Commission has jurisdiction only over entities functioning as public utilities. See El Vadito de los Cerrillos Water Ass\u2019n v. New Mexico Pub. Serv. Comm\u2019n, 115 N.M. 784, 788, 858 P.2d 1263, 1267 (1993). The Public Utility Act defines \u201cpublic utility\u201d as follows:\nnow [do] or hereafter may own, operate, lease or control: ...\n(2) any plant, property or facility for the manufacture, storage, distribution, sale or furnishing to or for the public of natural or manufactured gas or mixed or liquefied petroleum gas, or light, heat or power or for other uses.\nNMSA 1978, \u00a7 62-3-3(G) (1993) (emphasis added). Furthermore, a public utility is one \u201caffected with the public interest\u201d and where \u201ca substantial portion of their business ... involves the rendition of essential public services to a large number of the general public.\u201d NMSA 1978, \u00a7 62 \u2014 3\u20141(A)(1) (1967). This Court has found that the Commission lacked jurisdiction over parties who were not then operating as public utilities. See, e.g., El Vadito, 115 N.M. at 789, 858 P.2d at 1268 (holding that Commission has no statutorily-conferred jurisdiction over a Sanitary Projects Act association found not to be operating as a public utility).\n9. Both parties agree that PNM falls within the jurisdiction of the Commission, having purchased all of Southern Union\u2019s gas utility assets in 1985 in order to furnish New Mexicans with gas. PNM is currently providing a basic public service by providing gas services to New Mexicans. By contrast, Southern Union ceased to be a public utility in 1985, following the sale of its gas utility assets to PNM. The Commission explicitly found that \u201c[u]pon the granting of the abandonment of service by Southern Union, Southern Union is no longer a public utility and therefore our statutory authority over it ends.\u201d Neither party argues that Southern Union is currently functioning as a public utility. There are no applicable exceptions to this jurisdictional parameter which operate to extend the Commission\u2019s jurisdiction in the instant case. Given that Southern Union is not a public utility, the Commission erred in asserting jurisdiction over Southern Union. See Llano, Inc. v. Southern Union Gas Co., 75 N.M. 7, 17, 399 P.2d 646, 654 (1964) (holding that the Commission lacked jurisdiction over company that did not currently fall within statutory definition of public utility).\n10. Southern Union next contends that regardless of whether it falls within the Commission\u2019s jurisdiction, the Commission has jurisdiction over the rate increase application. According to Southern Union, PNM\u2019s act of submitting the rate increase application conferred upon the Commission jurisdiction to consider the application. The source of the Commission\u2019s authority to consider a rate increase application submitted by a currently functioning public utility is found in Section 62-6-4(A) of the New Mexico Public Utility Act, which provides that \u201c[t]he commission shall have general and exclusive power and jurisdiction to regulate and supervise every public utility in respect to its rates.\u201d NMSA 1978, \u00a7 62-6-4(A) (1996). We have previously noted that in order to grant a rate increase, the Commission must be convinced that the public utility actually incurred the costs for which the rate increase is intended to provide compensation. See Attorney Gen. of N.M. v. New Mexico Pub. Serv. Comm\u2019n, 101 N.M. 549, 552, 685 P.2d 957, 960 (1984) (noting that Public Utility Commission\u2019s consideration of costs incurred by a public utility in assessing propriety of a rate-increase, requires, at a minimum, proof that public utility actually incurred those costs).\n11. In the instant case, there is no dispute that the relevant costs are those incurred by Southern Union as a direct result of the Southern Union/Unicon take-or-pay contracts. The findings of fact adopted by the Commission in response to the initial rate increase application indicate that PNM sought to \u201ccollect from customers certain costs incurred by its predecessor ... Southern Union.\u201d According to the Commission, \u201c[t]o the extent, the Commission allows these obligations to be recovered by [PNM] in rates, [PNM] will then be obligated to reimburse Southern Union.\u201d Southern Union, through the sales agreement approved by the Commission, explicitly retained liability for the costs it seeks to recuperate through this rate increase. We interpret the Public Utility Act to restrict the Commission\u2019s jurisdiction to consider rate increase applications to those instances where the public utility itself has incurred expenses, and hold that the Commission does not have jurisdiction to consider rate increases for expenses incurred by an entity which is not a public utility, even when the rate increase application is submitted by a public utility.\nIV.\n12. Southern Union is not a public utility over which the Commission may legitimately assert jurisdiction. Although the Commission has jurisdiction over rate increases requested by PNM, that jurisdiction does not extend to rate increases which would compensate an entity which is not currently a public utility for expenses it incurred in fulfilling its function as a public utility. Therefore, we affirm the Commission\u2019s dismissal with prejudice of PNM\u2019s rate increase application, based on the Commission\u2019s lack of jurisdiction over Southern Union and the particular rate increase requested.\n13. IT IS SO ORDERED.\nFRANCHINI, C.J., and SERNA, J., concur.\nMINZNER and McKINNON, JJ., dissent and file opinions.", "type": "majority", "author": "BACA, Justice." }, { "text": "MINZNER, Justice,\ndissenting.\nI.\n14. I respectfully dissent. I agree with Justice McKinnon that the decisive issue in this case is not Southern Union\u2019s current status as a public utility. The Public Service Company of New Mexico (PNM) applied for a rate increase based on expenses that could involve a matter of public concern and the reasonableness of current utility rates. The primary issue should be whether it is \u201cnecessary and convenient,\u201d NMSA 1978, \u00a7 62-6-4(A) (1993), for the Public Utility Commission (PUC) to evaluate those expenses in order to achieve a balance between ensuring \u201cthat reasonable and proper services shall be available at fair, just and reasonable rates, and ... that capital and investment may be encouraged and attracted____\u201d NMSA 1978, \u00a7 62-3-l(B) (1967). I believe there are unresolved matters of fact which preclude a determination either that the PUC lacks subject matter jurisdiction or that the PUC can exercise its jurisdiction under the Act to consider the merits of this claim.\nII.\n15. The Legislature has granted broad powers to the PUC in establishing and maintaining fair, just and reasonable rates. Section 62-6-4(A) (exclusive jurisdiction); Behles v. New Mexico Pub. Serv. Comm\u2019n (In re Timberon Water Co.), 114 N.M. 154, 157, 836 P.2d 73, 76 (1992) (\u201c[W]e must always keep in mind that \u2018the Commission is vested with considerable discretion in determining the justness and reasonableness of utility rates.\u2019\u201d) (quoting Attorney Gen. v. New Mexico Pub. Serv. Comm\u2019n, 101 N.M. 549, 553, 685 P.2d 957, 961 (1984)); Public Serv. Co. of N.M. v. New Mexico Envtl. Improvement Bd., 89 N.M. 223, 227, 549 P.2d 638, 642 (Ct.App.1976). The PUC must act to protect the interests of both ratepayers and investors. Behles, 114 N.M. at 158, 836 P.2d at 77 (\u201c \u2018Our limited but vital role is to ensure that the end result of a rate order reasonably balances investor and ratepayer interests.\u2019\u201d) (quoting Jersey Central Power & Light Co. v. Federal Energy Reg. Comm\u2019n, 810 F.2d 1168, 1192 (D.C.Cir.1987)). Finally, the PUC may do whatever is necessary and convenient to balance those interests and to achieve the purposes of the Public Utility Act. Section 62-6-4(A).\n16. It is true that the PUC\u2019s jurisdiction is limited to matters involving a public utility. Section 62-6-4(A). It is also true that Southern Union ceased to be a public utility under the Act upon its transfer of gas utility assets to PNM. See NMSA 1978, \u00a7 62-3-3(G) (1993) (defining \u201cpublic utility\u201d); see also In re Southern Union Co., New Mexico Pub. Serv. Comm\u2019n No. 1891/1892, at 51 (Final Order December 12, 1984) (\u201cUpon the granting of the abandonment of service by Southern Union, Southern Union is no longer a public utility and therefore our statutory authority over it ends.\u201d). As a result, Southern Union is not subject to the reasonable burdens of the Act nor entitled to its reasonable benefits.\n17. Nonetheless, the rate increase in this case was requested by a New Mexico public utility, PNM, as defined in the Act by the Legislature. Section 62-3-3(G). Further, the requested increase concerns a possible utility-related expense for which the ratepayers may have received a benefit pursuant to an acquisition over which the PUC has jurisdiction. See In re Southern Union Co., New Mexico Pub. Serv. Comm\u2019n No. 1891/1892, at 62 (Final Order December 12, 1984) (\u201cThis Commission retains jurisdiction over this matter to the extent permitted by law to assure compliance with all of the terms and conditions of this Order.\u201d) (emphasis added).\n18. The Legislature has specifically required PUC approval of any acquisition of a public utility. NMSA 1978, \u00a7 62-6-12 (1989). Pursuant to this power and its power over fixing and adjusting the rates of a utility, the PUC ascertains a utility\u2019s value by giving\ndue consideration to the history and development of the property and business of the particular public utility, to the original cost thereof, to the cost of reproduction as a going concern, to the revenues, investment and expenses of the utility in this state and otherwise subject to the commission\u2019s jurisdiction and to other elements of value and rate-making formulae and methods recognized by the laws of the land for rate-making purposes.\nNMSA 1978, \u00a7 62-6-14(A) (1983).\n19. In the acquisition of a public utility, a purchase agreement could contain both matters which are private or individual in nature and terms which affect the ratepaying public. The purchase price is a term that could represent mixed interests. In determining the value of a utility for purposes of fixing a fair and reasonable rate base, the PUC \u201cshall give due consideration ... to the original cost\u201d of a utility. Section 62-6-14; Behles, 114 N.M. at 157 n. 1, 836 P.2d at 76 n. 1. As a result, the purchase price is a potential matter of public concern. Nonetheless, the PUC \u201cis not limited to any particular method of valuation in determining the rate base.\u201d Behles, 114 N.M. at 157 n. 1, 836 P.2d at 76 n. 1. If the PUC determines that the \u201coriginal cost\u201d does not accurately represent the value of the utility for ratemaking purposes or would not assist in fixing a reasonable rate, the PUC is free to rely on other factors. See Hobbs Gas Co. v. New Mexico Pub. Serv. Comm\u2019n, 94 N.M. 731, 733-34, 616 P.2d 1116, 1118-19 (1980) (discussing the factors available to the PUC in determining the value of a utility for purposes of ratemaking).\n20. In PNM\u2019s acquisition of the utility from Southern Union, the excluded obligations term and the term obligating PNM to file regulatory applications for excluded obligations may have affected the purchase price. Considering the difficult and protracted nature of the acquisition agreement, Southern Union may not have agreed to the ultimate purchase price and the excluded obligations without the provision obligating PNM to file regulatory applications specifically for recovering costs incurred from the excluded obligations. It is possible that the PUC contemplated this in approving the acquisition. Further, with respect to the setting of rate's charged by PNM, it is possible that the PUC, in balancing the interests of the consumers and the ratepayers, might rely on the purchase price in determining the value of the utility. Finally, it is possible that this particular expense, liability for take- or-pay claims, is utility-related and generally within the jurisdiction of the PUC. In fact, PNM\u2019s obligation to file for a rate increase was specifically limited to those expenses Southern Union \u201cwould have sought to recover\u201d if it were still a public utility.\n21. PNM\u2019s allegations, if true, would provide support for an exercise of jurisdiction by the PUC. Assuming PNM\u2019s lack of obligation for Southern Union\u2019s undetermined future liabilities resulted in PNM paying less to acquire the utility, and assuming the lower acquisition cost resulted in a lower rate base, the application would be based on utility-related expenses from which the ratepayers derived a benefit. The application then would lie squarely within the PUC\u2019s jurisdiction over utility rates. NMSA 1978, \u00a7 62-8-7 (1991) (discussing the procedure for rate changes); Section 62-6-4(A). However, because the PUC may determine the reasonableness of utility rates through a variety of means, it is also possible that this specific contractual term is purely a matter of private agreement and that it did not affect the purchase price of the utility or otherwise concern the ratepaying public. See Southwestern Pub. Serv. Co. v. Artesia Alfalfa Growers\u2019 Ass\u2019n, 67 N.M. 108, 117, 353 P.2d 62, 68 (1960) (\u201cThe power of the commission does not extend to acts of a utility not affecting its public duties; its jurisdiction is limited to matters and controversies wherein the rights of a utility and the public are involved.\u201d) (internal quotation and citation omitted). As a result, it is possible that the term of the acquisition contract providing the-basis for this application has no relevance to PNM\u2019s rates as set by the PUC. See Artesia Alfalfa Growers\u2019 Ass\u2019n, 67 N.M. at 118, 353 P.2d at 69 (\u201cIn this connection the question is posed as to whether the matter of dispute between appellant and appellee is of a private nature or a matter of public concern\u201d).\n22. The above discussion of purchase price does not represent the exclusive avenue of finding a valid exercise of jurisdiction by the PUC. Rather, it is meant to serve as an illustration of the type of factual inquiry which is required for a determination by the PUC of subject matter jurisdiction, considering the breadth of power granted by the Legislature to the PUC in its ratemaking function.\nIII.\n23. This claim raises factual issues which must be resolved before determining whether the PUC has subject matter jurisdiction over this action. In a motion to dismiss for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, the Attorney General stated, \u201cThere is absolutely no presentation of a utility expense, obligation or liability of GCNM-PNM that would justify a rate order by the Commission____\u201d The Attorney General\u2019s motion to dismiss could be construed as a challenge to the validity of the jurisdictional facts alleged by PNM. \u201c[I]f the Rule 12(b)(1) motion is a factual attack on the jurisdictional allegations of the complaint \u2014 i.e., the truth of the jurisdictional facts alleged by the plaintiff is challenged\u2014 the court may receive any competent evidence, such as affidavits, deposition testimony and the like, in order to determine the factual dispute.\u201d 2A James Wm. Moore et al., Moore\u2019s Federal Practice \u00b6 12.07[2.-1], at 12-52 (2d ed.1996).\n24. Therefore, I would remand to the PUC for consideration of evidence in order to determine whether the PUC, under these facts, has jurisdiction under the Public Utility Act. Specifically, I believe the PUC should resolve the relevant factual issues relating to jurisdiction and determine whether the consideration of this rate increase application is necessary and convenient in the exercise of its jurisdiction over rates, acquisitions, and other matters included in the Public Utility Act. If, under this standard, the PUC determines that it has subject matter jurisdiction under the Act, it can then address the merits of the case and determine whether the requested rate increase would be fair, just, and reasonable. If the PUC determines that it does not have subject matter jurisdiction, it should make sufficient findings of fact and conclusions of law to permit effective appellate review.", "type": "dissent", "author": "MINZNER, Justice," }, { "text": "McKINNON, Justice\ndissenting.\n25. The decision of the majority that the Commission lacked subject matter jurisdiction to rule on Gas Company of New Mexico\u2019s (GCNM) rate application finds no support either in provisions of the Public Utility Act or decisions of this Court. The fact that Southern Union was not an operating utility at the time its successor, GCNM, applied for the rate increase on Southern Union\u2019s behalf is neither relevant to nor determinative of the jurisdictional issue. Given the legislature\u2019s mandate that we construe the Act liberally, NMSA 1978, \u00a7 62-3-2(B) (1985), that the Commission consider \u201cthe history and development of the property and business\u201d of a public utility in the course of \u201cfixing and setting of rates,\u201d \u00a7 62-6-14(A) (1983), and that the Commission must \u201cdo all things necessary and convenient\u201d to ensure that rates are just and reasonable, \u00a7 62-6-4(A) (1993), the Commission had jurisdiction to rule on the merits of the application.\n26. Prior to January 28,1985, GCNM was owned and operated by Southern Union. (R.P. at 28.) On that date, Public Service Company of New Mexico (PNM) acquired the assets and business of GCNM, and now owns and operates GCNM under the name PNM Gas Services. (R.P. at 28, 458.) Uni-con Production Company sued PNM and Southern Union to recover $70 million allegedly owed under a 1954 gas purchase contract covering the period 1982 through 1988. (R.P. at 29.) In 1989, the parties settled for $11.7 million, or 17 cents on the dollar, which GCNM alleges was well below the average of similar settlements made at that time. (R.P. at 111.) Southern Union agreed to pay its proportionate share of the settlement costs for the pre-January 28, 1985 period, during which it owned GCNM, and PNM agreed to pay the balance for the period after January 28, 1985. (R.P. at 29-30.) According to GCNM, this settlement allowed Southern Union to avoid the legal fees, exposure to substantial liability, and uncertainty that a trial would have entailed. (R.P.\u2019 at 112.) GCNM alleges that Southern Union exercised prudent business judgment in settling with Unicon, (R.P. at 114), and that the agreement benefitted New Mexico ratepayers, (R.P. at 43, 46, 116), because Unieon would not have settled its post-1985 claims with PNM without inclusion of the pre-1985 claims against Southern Union, (R.P. at 43).\n27.In ruling on the motions to dismiss, the Commission construed the challenge to subject-matter jurisdiction as a facial challenge, (R.P. at 455), see 2A James W. Moore et al., Moore\u2019s Federal Practice \u00b6 12.07[2.-1] at 12-50 to -52 (2d ed. 1996) (distinguishing facial challenges to subject-matter jurisdiction from factual challenges),\u2019 and consequently accepted as true GCNM\u2019s allegations, (R.P. at 455). See also NMPUC Rule 110.25 (providing for dismissal for lack of jurisdiction). On review, we must accept all of GCNM\u2019s material factual allegations as true and \u201cview them, along with all reasonable inferences therefrom, in the light most favorable to [GCNM].\u201d Freiburger v. Emery Air Charter, Inc., 795 F.Supp. 253, 257 (N.D.Ill.1992). See also Scheuer v. Rhodes, 416 U.S. 232, 236, 94 S.Ct. 1683, 1686, 40 L.Ed.2d 90 (1974) (\u201c[I]n passing on a motion to dismiss ... on the ground of lack of jurisdiction over the subject matter, ... the allegations of the complaint should be construed favorably to the pleader.\u201d); Ezekiel v. Michel, 66 F.3d 894, 897 (7th Cir.1995) (same). The majority utterly fails to acknowledge, much less apply, this fundamental legal principle.\n28. According to GCNM\u2019s application, the costs for which it sought recovery were incurred when GCNM was owned by Southern Union and regulated by the Commission. GCNM also alleges these costs were incurred while providing public utility services to New Mexico ratepayers. The majority suggests these facts are irrelevant and emphasizes that Southern Union does not now meet the statutory definition of \u201cpublic utility.\u201d See \u00a7 62-3-3(G) (1993). This emphasis, however, is misplaced. The issue is not whether Southern Union is currently a public utility, which it clearly is not. The issue is whether these costs were incurred by a public utility regulated by the Commission. Under Section 62-3-3(G), Southern Union was a public utility subject to the Commission\u2019s authority when these costs were allegedly incurred. Not only does the majority\u2019s resolution confuse personal jurisdiction with subject-matter jurisdiction, see Moore\u2019s, supra, \u00b6 12.07[2.-1] 12-48 to -67, [2.-2] 12-68 to -77, it runs counter to express provisions in the Act.\n29. The Act gives the Commission broad authority to consider an application to recover costs incurred in the course of providing utility services. See \u00a7 62-6-4(A) (granting the Commission \u201cgeneral and exclusive power and jurisdiction to regulate and supervise every public utility in respect to its rates and service regulations ... and to do all things necessary and convenient in the exercise of its power and jurisdiction\u201d); \u00a7 62-3-2(B) (mandating liberal construction of the Act \u201cto carry out its purpose\u201d); Public Serv. Co. of N.M. v. New Mexico Envtl. Imp. Bd., 89 N.M. 223, 227, 549 P.2d 638, 642 (Ct.App.1976) (requiring that the Commission\u2019s authority be construed to permit the fullest accomplishment of legislative intent or policy). Insofar as GCNM seeks recovery for utility expenses that allegedly benefitted New Mexico ratepayers, the Commission is required to exercise its jurisdiction and consider the merits of the application. The majority, however, construes the Commission\u2019s authority narrowly, thwarting the purpose of the Act: to ensure that \u201creasonable and proper services ... are available at fair, just and reasonable rates,\u201d \u00a7 62-3-l(B) (1967). See also \u00a7 62-8-1 (1941) (requiring that every rate be \u201cjust and reasonable\u201d).\n30. The Act requires the Commission to consider the fact that Southern Union was the owner of GCNM when these costs were incurred. See \u00a7 62-6-14(A) (\u201c[I]n the fixing and setting of rates for a utility, the commission shall give due consideration to the history and development of the property and business of the particular public utility____\u201d). The Commission must also balance the interests of GCNM\u2019s customers against the interests of Southern Union\u2019s shareholders. See Behles v. New Mexico Pub. Serv. Comm\u2019n, 114 N.M. 154, 161, 836 P.2d 73, 80 (1992) (requiring Commission to \u201cbalance the investor\u2019s interest against the ratepayer\u2019s interest\u201d). The Commission neither considered the history of GCNM nor balanced these interests. The majority\u2019s affirmance allows the Commission to evade these statutory responsibilities by declaring it lacks jurisdiction.\n31. Despite the broad language chosen by the legislature, the majority holds that the Commission has jurisdiction only over entities which function presently as public utilities, and since Southern Union ceased functioning as a public utility in 1985, the Commission has no jurisdiction to rule on GCNM\u2019s application. (Op. at \u00b6\u00b6 8-9.) In support of the holding, the majority cites three decisions of this Court, not one of which holds that jurisdiction is lacking where a previously regulated utility\u2019s claim is handled by a successor. See El Vadito de los Cerrillos Water Ass\u2019n v. New Mexico Pub. Serv. Comm\u2019n, 115 N.M. 784, 858 P.2d 1263 (1993); Llano, Inc. v. Southern Union Co., 75 N.M. 7, 399 P.2d 646 (1964); Attorney Gen. of N.M. v. New Mexico Pub. Serv. Comm\u2019n, 101 N.M. 549, 685 P.2d 957 (1984) (hereinafter \u201cAttorney General \u201d).\n32. In El Vadito, 115 N.M. at 788, 858 P.2d at 1267, we considered whether Sanitary Projects Act (SPA) associations, which were extensively regulated by the New Mexico Environmental Improvement Division of the Health and Environment Department (NMEID), should be concurrently regulated by the Commission. Because the SPA grants control of these associations to the NMEID, id, at 788-89, 858 P.2d at 1267-68, and because of the \u201cimpractical[ityj\u201d of concurrent jurisdiction, id. at 789 n. 2, 858.P-2d at 1268 n. 2, we held that the Commission lacked jurisdiction over SPA associations. The only question decided in El Vadito was whether the Commission would ever have jurisdiction over SPA associations, which is hardly the issue presented here.\n33. In Llano, 75 N.M. at 9, 399 P.2d at 647, the question was whether a company that provides natural gas to only one private customer is a public utility. We held that it was not. Id. at 18-19, 399 P.2d at 653-54. Clearly Llano\u2019s holding does not bar the Commission from considering GCNM\u2019s application, because GCNM is a public utility. Nor does it preclude GCNM from seeking recovery for expenses incurred under its previous owner, Southern Union, which was regulated by the Commission when the costs were allegedly incurred. The majority\u2019s decision is certainly not assisted by the holding in Llano.\n34. Finally, the majority cites Attorney General, supra, in which PNM sought a rate increase to recover the cost of purchasing coal from an affiliate, 101 N.M. at 551, 685 P.2d at 959. The issue was whether these costs were reasonable, and we held that they were. Id. We also noted that a utility seeking recovery for costs incurred in transactions with its affiliates must show not only that the costs were incurred; it must also prove they were reasonable. Id. at 552, 685 P.2d at 959. The issue in Attorney General had nothing to do with the scope of the Commission\u2019s jurisdiction. Accordingly, the decision provides no' support for the majority\u2019s claim that the Commission\u2019s jurisdiction to consider rate increase applications may be exercised only in those instances where the public utility applying for the rate increase has itself incurred the costs.\n35. Nothing in the Act or any of these cases precludes the Commission from considering an application simply because the costs were incurred prior to the sale of the applicant public utility to its current owner. We have never held that a public utility must show that it, as opposed to its predecessor, incurred the costs for which it seeks recovery in order to invoke the Commission\u2019s jurisdiction. On the contrary, the Act requires the Commission to consider the history of a public utility in setting rates. See \u00a7 62-6-14(A). If the Commission, after reviewing GCNM\u2019s request on the merits, were to decide that the evidence does not justify a rate increase, that is the Commission\u2019s prerogative. But to decline to exercise jurisdiction because the rate increase is designed to compensate for expenses GCNM incurred while under the ownership of a company no longer operating as a public utility is without precedent and contravenes the legislature\u2019s intent as expressed in the Act.\n36. It is indeed ironic that the Commission would now assert it lacks jurisdiction to consider this application. The Commission expressly approved the Purchase and Sale Agreement transferring ownership of GCNM from Southern Union to PNM. See \u00a7 62-6-12(A) (1989) (requiring the Commission\u2019s \u201cprior express authorization\u201d for such transactions). That agreement obligated PNM to pursue on Southern Union\u2019s behalf recovery for expenses \u201cwhich Southern Union reasonably determines it would have sought to recover through such regulatory applications and proceedings had Southern Union owned [GCNM].\u201d (PSA \u00a7 2.4 at 6.) Furthermore, the Commission also stated it had subject-matter jurisdiction to consider GCNM\u2019s original application on Southern Union\u2019s behalf.\n37. To the extent that this ease involves issues of the proper balance of the interests of ratepayers and investors and whether current rates are just and reasonable, consideration of GCNM\u2019s application falls squarely within the Commission\u2019s jurisdiction. See \u00a7 62-3-KB); Behles, 114 N.M. at 161, 836 P.2d at 80. Therefore, I would vacate and annul the Commission\u2019s order dismissing the application and remand for findings of fact and conclusions of law on the merits. The majority having determined otherwise, I dissent.\n. GCNM applied for this rate increase in Commission Case No. 2361. The Commission dismissed the application without prejudice for failure to meet the burden of proof and expressly stated it \u201chas jurisdiction over the parties and the subject matter of this case.\u201d (S.R.P. Tab 7A at 2.) GCNM filed this amended application in Commission Case No. 2639, which seeks the same relief and involves the same parties.", "type": "dissent", "author": "McKINNON, Justice" } ], "attorneys": [ "Hinkle, Cox, Eaton, Coffield & Hensley, L.L.P,. James Bruce, Gary W. Larson, Santa Fe, for Appellant.", "Anastasia S. Stevens, Commission Counsel, Santa Fe, for Appellee.", "Tom Udall, Attorney General, Charles F. Noble, Assistant Attorney General; Steven S. Michel; Virtue, Najjar & Bartell, P.C., Daniel A Najjar, Laura A Ward, Santa Fe, for Intervenors." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "1997-NMSC-056\n947 P.2d 133\nIn the Matter for the Application of Gas Company of New Mexico for an Order authorizing recovery of settlement amounts and legal consulting fees as take-or-pay costs incurred by its predecessor, Southern Union Gas Company, through Rate Rider No. 11. SOUTHERN UNION GAS COMPANY, Appellant, v. NEW MEXICO PUBLIC UTILITY COMMISSION, Appellee, and Tom Udall, Attorney General, State of New Mexico, New Mexico Industrial Energy Consumers, and Incorporated County of Los Alamos, Intervenors.\nNo. 23501.\nSupreme Court of New Mexico.\nSept. 24, 1997.\nHinkle, Cox, Eaton, Coffield & Hensley, L.L.P,. James Bruce, Gary W. Larson, Santa Fe, for Appellant.\nAnastasia S. Stevens, Commission Counsel, Santa Fe, for Appellee.\nTom Udall, Attorney General, Charles F. Noble, Assistant Attorney General; Steven S. Michel; Virtue, Najjar & Bartell, P.C., Daniel A Najjar, Laura A Ward, Santa Fe, for Intervenors." }, "file_name": "0176-01", "first_page_order": 210, "last_page_order": 220 }