{ "id": 1217116, "name": "John BARNCASTLE, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. AMERICAN NATIONAL PROPERTY AND CASUALTY COMPANIES d/b/a/ ANPAC, Defendant-Appellant", "name_abbreviation": "Barncastle v. American National Property & Casualty Companies", "decision_date": "2000-10-02", "docket_number": "No. 20,403", "first_page": "672", "last_page": "674", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "129 N.M. 672" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "2000-NMCA-095" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "11 P.3d 1234" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.M. Ct. App.", "id": 9025, "name": "Court of Appeals of New Mexico" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 52, "name_long": "New Mexico", "name": "N.M." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "86 F.3d 1007", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.3d", "case_ids": [ 452561 ], "weight": 3, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1014" }, { "page": "1014" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f3d/86/1007-01" ] }, { "cite": "415 N.W.2d 876", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.W.2d", "case_ids": [ 10669636 ], "weight": 4, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "878" }, { "page": "878" }, { "page": "878", "parenthetical": "noting that the ear was used to keep up with plaintiff until the shooting" }, { "page": "878" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nw2d/415/0876-01" ] }, { "cite": "120 N.M. 813", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1558984 ], "weight": 11, "year": 1995, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "995" }, { "page": "818" }, { "page": "999" }, { "page": "819" }, { "page": "1000" }, { "page": "819" }, { "page": "1000" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/120/0813-01" ] }, { "cite": "1998-NMSC-031", "category": "reporters:neutral", "reporter": "NMSC", "case_ids": [ 834365 ], "weight": 3, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "\u00b6 32" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/125/0721-01" ] }, { "cite": "118 N.M. 732", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1563595 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "741" }, { "page": "470" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/118/0732-01" ] }, { "cite": "1999-NMCA-158", "category": "reporters:neutral", "reporter": "NMCA", "case_ids": [ 106558 ], "weight": 3, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "\u00b6 11" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/128/0446-01" ] }, { "cite": "2000-NMCA-094", "category": "reporters:neutral", "reporter": "NMCA", "case_ids": [ 1217132 ], "weight": 3, "year": 2000, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/129/0674-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 477, "char_count": 7249, "ocr_confidence": 0.699, "pagerank": { "raw": 2.4967187362810924e-07, "percentile": 0.8090875182298273 }, "sha256": "d3c2c5ad5c4905ac10667c1cc88de5865ad43847c103757a64c88a4e2e084344", "simhash": "1:ab06444d150ab5f8", "word_count": 1197 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T18:00:16.735179+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "PICKARD, C.J., and WECHSLER, J., concur." ], "parties": [ "John BARNCASTLE, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. AMERICAN NATIONAL PROPERTY AND CASUALTY COMPANIES d/b/a/ ANPAC, Defendant-Appellant." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "OPINION\nSUTIN, Judge.\n{1} This ease and the related case of Farmers Insurance Co. v. Sedillo, 2000-NMCA-094, 129 N.M. 674, 11 P.3d 1236 (2000), provide us with the opportunity to explain when uninsured motorist coverage is available under circumstances in which the use of the vehicle is somewhat attenuated from the incident. Defendant American National Property and Casualty Companies (ANPAC) appeals from the district court\u2019s grant of summary judgment to Plaintiff John Bamcastle on his claims for uninsured motorist coverage for injuries he suffered when an unidentified passenger of an unidentified vehicle shot him as he sat in the driver\u2019s seat of a vehicle at an intersection late one evening. We affirm.\nFACTS AND PROCEEDINGS\n{2} At about 10:00 p.m. on November 30, 1995, Barncastle was driving a 1991 Toyota which was stopped at the intersection of Fourth Street and Alameda Road in Albuquerque, New Mexico. An unidentified vehicle pulled up next to Bameastle\u2019s car and an unidentified passenger (Assailant) got out, walked over to Bameastle\u2019s window, and shot him with a handgun. Immediately thereafter, Assailant returned to the unidentified vehicle. Then the unidentified vehicle left the scene at a high rate of speed with its headlights off. Barncastle suffered substantial personal injuries.\n{3} Barncastle was the permissive user of the 1991 Toyota which was insured by an ANPAC policy that included uninsured motorist coverage. On March 19, 1998, he filed a complaint in district court alleging that he had notified ANPAC of his injuries and his intent to file a claim for uninsured motorist coverage. ANPAC\u2019s answer admitted its refusal to pay benefits to Barncastle on the ground that the ANPAC policy did not provide for uninsured motorist coverage given the facts of this case.\n{4} The parties filed cross-motions for summary judgment. The district court granted Bamcastle\u2019s motion by order dated March 18,1999.\nLAW\nStandard of Review\n{5} The standard of review on appeal from summary judgment is de novo. See Martin v. West Am. Ins. Co., 1999-NMCA-158, \u00b6 11, 128 N.M. 446, 993 P.2d 763. The parties have stipulated to the material facts. ANPAC does not contend that the district court erred in granting summary judgment when material facts were in dispute or conflicting inferences could be drawn. In fact, the district court specifically questioned the parties during the summary judgment hearing about the procedure used in this ease because it did not \u201cwant to muddy up the decision with an argument about how I got to the ruling.\u201d Thus, he ascertained that both parties agreed to the material facts and agreed that further discovery would not produce anything material to the decision. The parties agreed to have the district court decide the matter on that basis. We resolve the question of law of whether Barncastle can recover under the stipulated facts. See id; cf. Alvarez v. Chavez, 118 N.M. 732, 741, 886 P.2d 461, 470 (Ct.App.1994) (holding that when appellant does not rely on a factual conflict and asks the court to rule on the undisputed facts of the case, appellate court will do so), overruled on other grounds by Trujillo v. City of Albuquerque, 1998-NMSC-031, \u00b6 32, 125 N.M. 721, 965 P.2d 305.\nInsurance Policy Coverage\n{6} As stated by the parties, the controlling authority here is Britt v. Phoenix Indemnity Insurance Co., 120 N.M. 813, 907 P.2d 994 (1995). There, after a minor traffic accident involving two motor vehicles, a passenger from one got out and stabbed Britt, who was the passenger in the other vehicle. See id at 814, 907 P.2d at 995. Britt was unable to learn the identity of either the driver of the other vehicle or of the assailant. See id.\n{7} The Britt court determined that intentional torts may be covered by uninsured motorist insurance under proper circumstances. See id. at 818, 907 P.2d at 999. Using a three-part test, the trier of fact \u201cfirst considers whether there is a sufficient causal nexus between the use of the uninsured vehicle and the resulting harm.\u201d Id The causal nexus requires the vehicle to be an \u201c \u2018active accessory\u2019 in causing the injury.\u201d Id. (quoting Continental W. Ins. Co. v. Klug, 415 N.W.2d 876, 878 (Minn.1987)).\n{8} Second, if there is a sufficient causal nexus, the trier of fact next considers \u201cwhether an act of independent significance broke the causal link between the use of the vehicle and the harm suffered.\u201d Britt, 120 N.M. at 819, 907 P.2d at 1000. Finally, the trier of fact must \u201cconsider whether the \u2018use\u2019 to which the vehicle was put was a normal use of that vehicle.\u201d Id\nDISCUSSION\n{9} Using the test enunciated in Britt and elucidated in State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. v. Blystra, 86 F.3d 1007 (10th Cir.1996), the uninsured motorist policies cover this assault. Assailant\u2019s vehicle was an \u201cactive accessory\u201d in the attack. Klug, 415 N.W.2d at 878. The driver of that vehicle used it to get into a position where Assailant could get out and shoot Barncastle. \u201cWhether it was passenger or driver who shot [the victim] cannot change the fact that the vehicle was an integral element of the ... shooting.\u201d Blystra, 86 F.3d at 1014. The vehicle was further used to escape the scene at a high rate of speed, with its headlights off.\n{10} No act of independent significance broke the causal chain. As the district court\u2019s letter decision stated,\nthe vehicle ... allowed the driver and the shooter to pull alongside Plaintiffs vehicle at the red light in an innocent manner which concealed the upcoming events. The vehicle was running at all times____ The running vehicle reasonably assisted in concealing the identity of the driver and shooter, as well as the presence of the gun.... This vehicle was the instrumentality which is perhaps the major component in the incident, clearly facilitating the attack. This is not a case of an intentional tort being committed simply after the tortfeasor exited the vehicle.\nAssailant left the passenger seat, shot Bamcastle, and returned to the vehicle. The vehicle left the scene before it or its occupants could be identified or apprehended. As stated in Blystra, the Britt court \u201crecognized that, given the right facts, the causal chain might not be broken even though the assailant commits his assault after exiting the stopped vehicle.\u201d Blystra, 86 F.3d at 1014; see also Klug, 415 N.W.2d at 878 (noting that the ear was used to keep up with plaintiff until the shooting).\n{11} Lastly, the third part of the Britt test was fulfilled because the car in which Assailant was riding was put to its normal use. See Britt, 120 N.M. at 819, 907 P.2d at 1000. The car was used \u201cto drive alongside [the victim] to assault him.\u201d Klug, 415 N.W.2d at 878.\nCONCLUSION\n{12} We affirm the district court\u2019s grant of summary judgment in favor of Barncastle.\n{13} IT IS SO ORDERED.\nPICKARD, C.J., and WECHSLER, J., concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "SUTIN, Judge." } ], "attorneys": [ "Alan M. Malott, Malott Law Offices, Albuquerque, NM, for Appellee.", "Paul E. Houston, Nancy Augustus, Sturges, Houston & Johanson, P.C., Albuquerque, NM, for Appellant." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "11 P.3d 1234\n2000-NMCA-095\nJohn BARNCASTLE, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. AMERICAN NATIONAL PROPERTY AND CASUALTY COMPANIES d/b/a/ ANPAC, Defendant-Appellant.\nNo. 20,403.\nCourt of Appeals of New Mexico.\nOct. 2, 2000.\nAlan M. Malott, Malott Law Offices, Albuquerque, NM, for Appellee.\nPaul E. Houston, Nancy Augustus, Sturges, Houston & Johanson, P.C., Albuquerque, NM, for Appellant." }, "file_name": "0672-01", "first_page_order": 706, "last_page_order": 708 }