{ "id": 8504347, "name": "Loren HENDERSON, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Arline GIBBANY, Defendant-Appellant", "name_abbreviation": "Henderson v. Gibbany", "decision_date": "1966-08-29", "docket_number": "No. 7834", "first_page": "674", "last_page": "677", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "76 N.M. 674" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "417 P.2d 807" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.M.", "id": 8835, "name": "Supreme Court of New Mexico" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 52, "name_long": "New Mexico", "name": "N.M." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "26 U.S.C.A. \u00a7\u00a7 6331-6335", "category": "laws:leg_statute", "reporter": "U.S.C.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "333 F.2d 100", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.2d", "case_ids": [ 141405 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "116" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f2d/333/0100-01" ] }, { "cite": "26 U.S.C.A. \u00a7 6331", "category": "laws:leg_statute", "reporter": "U.S.C.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "26 U.S.C.A. \u00a7 6335", "category": "laws:leg_statute", "reporter": "U.S.C.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "228 P. 603", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "30 N.M. 144", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 8841405 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/30/0144-01" ] }, { "cite": "162 P. 394", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "174 Cal. 168", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal.", "case_ids": [ 2098386 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/cal/174/0168-01" ] }, { "cite": "46 N.M. 290", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1563085 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/46/0290-01" ] }, { "cite": "75 N.M. 375", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 5372136 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/75/0375-01" ] }, { "cite": "43 N. M. 315", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1568282 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/43/0315-01" ] }, { "cite": "37 N.M. 112", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1575411 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/37/0112-01" ] }, { "cite": "2 N.M. 198", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 3284695 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "208" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/2/0198-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 390, "char_count": 5804, "ocr_confidence": 0.656, "pagerank": { "raw": 6.89516513629939e-08, "percentile": 0.41930340340305555 }, "sha256": "99b2c729e1ab9b07cf45055414b00a4937542d8d4fa16a21e7856c1d7ea98d0c", "simhash": "1:1310f43647412c42", "word_count": 980 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T22:44:29.378515+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "CHAVEZ and NOBLE, JJ., concur." ], "parties": [ "Loren HENDERSON, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Arline GIBBANY, Defendant-Appellant." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "OPINION\nMOISE, Justice.\nPlaintiff-appellee commenced this action in Justice of the Peace Court, Precinct 1, Chaves County, New Mexico, alleging forcible entry and unlawful detainer under \u00a7 36-9-1, N.M.S.A. 1953, of a house at 200 N. Michigan Street, Roswell, New Mexico. A default judgment was entered in favor of plaintiff and pursrtant to \u00a7 36-9-16, N.M. S.A. 1953, defendant appealed to the district court .where trial de novo was had in accord with \u00a7 36-9-18, N.M.S.A. 1953. Defendant has appealed to this court from a judgment there rendered in favor of plaintiff (\u00a7 21-2-1(5), N.M.S.A.1953).\nThe uncontroverted facts are that defendant was in possession of the property here in question on February 6, 1963, at which time the Internal Revenue Service of the United States of America,-having previously; levied on the property under -authority of I-nt. Rev. Code of 1954, \u00a7 6331 (26 .U.S.C.A. \u00a7 6331), conducted a sale of the seized property. Plaintiff purchased the property at this sale and, after the expiration of the redemption period, received a quitclaim deed to the property from the Internal Revenue Service. Defendant refused plaintiff\u2019s demands to quit\u2019 the property and continued in possession thereof through the date of trial in the district court.\nAt the outset, plaintiff urges that the failure of defendant to file an answer or plea in the justice' of the peace court or the district court precludes our consideration of this appeal. We have had occasion to answer similar complaints in interpreting \u00a7 36-5-7; N.M.S.A. 1953, which states that oral pleadings are permissible in a justice of the peace court. In Crolot v. Maloy, 2 N.M. 198, we stated the' rule to be:\n\u201c * * * No pleading, oral or in writing, on the part of the defendant, is necessary to raise an issue on the plaintiff\u2019s statement of a cause of action, as the general issue will be considered as in by law, and need not be formally pleaded: * * (2 N.M. at 208).\nThis statement was reaffirmed in Valley Products Co. v. Roybal, 37 N.M. 112, 19 P.2d 187, and we see nothing contrary thereto in the action taken in Bell v. Beck, 43 N. M. 315, 92 P.2d 992. See also, Heron v. Smith, 75 N.M. 375, 404 P.2d 856; State ex rel. Heron v. District Court of First Judicial Dist., etc., 46 N.M. 290, 128 P.2d 451. As the issue raised hy defendant questions the sufficiency of the proof to establish a cause of action under the complaint, his failure to file an answer or plea to the complaint is not a bar to consideration of the appeal.\nThe sole question presented here by defendant for our review is whether, under the circumstances previously related, plaintiff could prevail in a suit alleging forcible entry or unlawful detainer. Actions for forcible entry or unlawful detainer are purely statutory and are restricted in their operation to those situations specified in the statute. Francis v. West Virginia Oil Co., 174 Cal. 168, 162 P. 394. Section 36-9-1, supra, defines \u201cforcible entry or unlawful detainer,\u201d and reads, as pertinent:\n\u201cAn action for forcible entry or unlawful detainer of real property may he prosecuted before any justice of the peace in the precinct where the property is situated, in the following cases: * * *\n\u201cFourth. When the defendant continues in possession after a sale hy foreclosure of mortgage, or on execution, unless he claims by a title paramount to the mortgage hy virtue of which the sale was made, or by title derived from the purchaser at the sale.\u201d\nIt is plaintiff\u2019s contention that he was proceeding in unlawful detainer under the fourth paragraph set forth above. That the district court relied on this assertion in rendering judgment for plaintiff becomes clear from a reading of Conclusion of Law No. 2 where it was stated that, \u201cThe action followed by the Internal Revenue Service in its levy, seizure and sale of this property is similar and equivalent to a sale on execution or foreclosure. * * * \u201d However the error in this conclusion is apparent when it is noted that sales on execution or foreclosure are sales conducted under the auspices of the courts following entry of a judgment, order, or decree. \u00a7\u00a7 24-1-1 and 24-1-22, N.M.S.A.1953, and compare Gunby et al. v. Doughton, 30 N.M. 144, 228 P. 603. Sales under Int. Rev. Code of 1954, \u00a7 6335 (26 U.S.C.A. \u00a7 6335) are sales following an administrative levy or seizure by the Secretary of the Treasury or his delegate as directed by Int. Rev. Code of 1954, \u00a7 6331 (26 U.S.C.A. \u00a7 6331). They are in no sense judicial sales conducted under the supervision of courts. In United States v. Sullivan (C.A.3, 1964) 333 F.2d 100, 116, it was said of the levy authorized by Int. Rev. Code of 1954, \u00a7\u00a7 6331-6332 (26 U.S. C.A. \u00a7\u00a7 6331-6332), that, \u201cLevy is a summary, non-judicial process, a method of self-help authorized by statute which provides the Commissioner with a prompt and convenient method for satisfying delinquent tax claims. * * * \u201d Because of this basic distinction, it is apparent that a sale conducted after a levy or seizure in accord with Int. Rev. Code of 1954, \u00a7\u00a7 6331-6335 (26 U.S.C.A. \u00a7\u00a7 6331-6335), is not \u201csimilar and equivalent\u201d to a \u201csale by foreclosure of mortgage, or on execution\u201d so as to come within the terms of the fourth paragraph of \u00a7 36-9-1, supra.\nThere having been a failure of proof of the necessary elements to establish a right to possession under the provisions of \u00a7 36-9-1, supra, the case is reversed and remanded with instructions to the district court to set aside the judgment and to dismiss the complaint.\nIt is so ordered.\nCHAVEZ and NOBLE, JJ., concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "MOISE, Justice." } ], "attorneys": [ "James M. H. Cullender, Roswell, for appellant.", "Bean & Snead, Roswell, for appellee." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "417 P.2d 807\nLoren HENDERSON, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Arline GIBBANY, Defendant-Appellant.\nNo. 7834.\nSupreme Court of New Mexico.\nAug. 29, 1966.\nJames M. H. Cullender, Roswell, for appellant.\nBean & Snead, Roswell, for appellee." }, "file_name": "0674-01", "first_page_order": 706, "last_page_order": 709 }