{
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  "name": "STATE of New Mexico, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Carlos (Charlie) SANCHEZ, Defendant-Appellant",
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    "judges": [
      "HENSLEY, C. J., and SPIESS, J., concur."
    ],
    "parties": [
      "STATE of New Mexico, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Carlos (Charlie) SANCHEZ, Defendant-Appellant."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "OPINION\nWOOD, Judge.\nThis appeal comes to us by transfer under \u00a7 16-7-10, N.M.S.A.1953.\nDefendant, seeking post conviction relief, moved to vacate his judgment and sentence. The trial court considered the motion and the files and records of the case, denied relief under the motion and appointed counsel to represent defendant on this appeal.\nDefendant claims that the trial court erred in (1) failing to appoint counsel to represent him in connection with the motion and (2) deciding the motion without the defendant being present.\nSections 21-1-1(93) and 41-15-8, N.M.S. A.1953, authorize post conviction remedies. Both provide:\n\u201cB. Unless the motion and the files and records of the case .conclusively show that the prisoner is entitled to no relief, the court shall * * * appoint local counsel if the prisoner is indigent, * * *\n\u201cC. A court may entertain and determine such motion without requiring the production of the prisoner at the hearing.\u201d\nIn denying the motion, the trial court .proceeded in accordance with the quoted provisions.\nRelying on Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335, 83 S.Ct. 792, 9 L.Ed.2d 799, 93 A.L.R.2d 733, and State v. Vaughn, 74 N. M. 365, 393 P.2d 711, defendant asserts that he is entitled to counsel at all critical stages of a criminal proceeding. Defendant claims that there is a critical stage if \u201cvaluable rights may be won or lost,\u201d and that his motion was such a critical stage. By inference, he applies this same argument to the question of his right to be present when the motion is decided.\nThe provisions for post conviction relief state that counsel is to be provided unless the motion, files and records conclusively show that the prisoner is not entitled to relief. Black, Law Dictionary (4th ed. 1951) defines \u201cconclusive\u201d as \u201cbeyond question or beyond dispute.\u201d According to Webster\u2019s Third New International Dictionary, \u201cconclusive\u201d means \u201cso irrefutable as to end all uncertainty or question.\u201d If there is no question, no dispute, no uncertainty that defendant is not entitled to relief, then the motion does not involve rights which can be won or lost, and the proceeding is not \u201ccritical.\u201d\nA similar result has been reached under the federal provision for post conviction relief. 28 U.S.C. \u00a7 2255. Counsel. need not be appointed to represent defendant when the motion for relief is completely groundless. Huizar v. United States, 339 F.2d 173 (5th Cir. 1964); Kapsalis v. United States, 345 F.2d 392 (7th Cir. 1965); Cerniglia v. United States, 230 F. Supp. 932 (N.D.Ill.1964). Nor is defendant\u2019s presence in court required before the court can decide the motion. Luse v. United States, 326 F.2d 338 (10th Cir. 1964); Sanders v. United States, 373 U.S. 1, 83 S.Ct. 1068, 10 L.Ed.2d 148; Dolack v. United States, 217 F.Supp. 617 (D. Hawaii 1963). Compare Machibroda v. United States, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473.\nSome of the federal cases reach this result by determining that the motion for post conviction relief is a civil rather than a criminal proceeding. That question is not presented by this appeal and we express no opinion thereon.\nThe above cited federal cases review the facts of the case to demonstrate that the motion for relief was completely groundless. We do not review the facts of this case for two reasons: (1) The only claims made are that defendant should have had counsel to represent him on his motion and that he should have been present when the motion was ruled'on. No claim is made that the trial court erred in denying relief under the motion. (2) Defendant\u2019s case was reviewed in State v. Sanchez, 58 N.M. 77, 265 P.2d 684, and Sanchez v. Cox, 357 F.2d 260 (10th Cir. 1966). The grounds for relief asserted in the motion were either ruled on in those cases or are patently frivolous.\nDefendant also claims that \u00a7 21 \u2014 1\u2014 1(92), N.M.S.A.1953, gives him the right to counsel in connection with his motion. This rule applies to proceedings prior to conviction and to direct appeal after conviction; it does not apply to the post convic7 tion proceedings authorized by \u00a7 21-1-1 (93) and \u00a7 41-15-8, N.M.S.A.1953.\nWhere the motion for post conviction relief is completely groundless, the trial court need not appoint counsel to represent defendant in connection with the motion and may determine the motion without the presence of defendant.\nThe order denying relief is affirmed. It is so ordered.\nHENSLEY, C. J., and SPIESS, J., concur.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "WOOD, Judge."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Nils T. Kjellstrom, Albuquerque, for appellant.",
      "Boston E. Witt, Atty. Gen., Tom Over-street, Asst. Atty. Gen., Santa Fe, for ap-pellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "420 P.2d 786\nSTATE of New Mexico, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Carlos (Charlie) SANCHEZ, Defendant-Appellant.\nNo. 4.\nCourt of Appeals of New Mexico.\nDec. 12, 1966.\nNils T. Kjellstrom, Albuquerque, for appellant.\nBoston E. Witt, Atty. Gen., Tom Over-street, Asst. Atty. Gen., Santa Fe, for ap-pellee."
  },
  "file_name": "0025-01",
  "first_page_order": 65,
  "last_page_order": 66
}