{ "id": 5364967, "name": "Leonard SEIDENBERG, M.D., and Louise Geng Seidenberg, M.D., Petitioners-Appellees, v. The NEW MEXICO BOARD OF MEDICAL EXAMINERS, Respondent-Appellant", "name_abbreviation": "Seidenberg v. New Mexico Board of Medical Examiners", "decision_date": "1969-03-10", "docket_number": "No. 8720", "first_page": "135", "last_page": "139", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "80 N.M. 135" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "452 P.2d 469" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.M.", "id": 8835, "name": "Supreme Court of New Mexico" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 52, "name_long": "New Mexico", "name": "N.M." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "83 F.2d 351", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.2d", "case_ids": [ 931784 ], "year": 1936, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f2d/83/0351-01" ] }, { "cite": "90 A.2d 740", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "A.2d", "year": 1952, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "21 N.J.Super. 18", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.J. Super.", "case_ids": [ 453094 ], "year": 1952, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nj-super/21/0018-01" ] }, { "cite": "102 A.2d 248", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "A.2d", "year": 1954, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "203 Md. 574", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Md.", "case_ids": [ 2237236 ], "year": 1954, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/md/203/0574-01" ] }, { "cite": "135 Mont. 381", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Mont.", "case_ids": [ 5194186 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1959, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/mont/135/0381-01" ] }, { "cite": "73 S.W.2d 687", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.2d", "year": 1934, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "168 Tenn. 16", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Tenn.", "case_ids": [ 8532629 ], "year": 1934, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/tenn/168/0016-01" ] }, { "cite": "97 A.L.R.2d 1210", "category": "reporters:specialty", "reporter": "A.L.R. 2d", "year": 1934, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1221" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "219 P. 786", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.", "year": 1923, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "29 N.M. 129", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 8841415 ], "year": 1923, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/29/0129-01" ] }, { "cite": "179 Kan. 638", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Kan.", "case_ids": [ 500731 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1956, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/kan/179/0638-01" ] }, { "cite": "97 A.L.R.2d 361", "category": "reporters:specialty", "reporter": "A.L.R. 2d", "year": 1956, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "373" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "401 P.2d 95", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.2d", "case_ids": [ 5370808, 5374101 ], "year": 1965, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/75/0105-01", "/nm/75/0106-01" ] }, { "cite": "75 N.M. 106", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 5374101 ], "year": 1965, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/75/0106-01" ] }, { "cite": "76 N.M. 314", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 8502041 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1966, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/76/0314-01" ] }, { "cite": "65 A.L.R.2d 662", "category": "reporters:specialty", "reporter": "A.L.R. 2d", "pin_cites": [ { "page": "682" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "58 N.M. 1", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1587659 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1954, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "6" }, { "page": "339" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/58/0001-01" ] }, { "cite": "51 N.M. 137", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1578307 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1947, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/51/0137-01" ] }, { "cite": "93 A.L.R. 432", "category": "reporters:specialty", "reporter": "A.L.R.", "year": 1934, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "38 N.M. 298", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1559080 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1934, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/38/0298-01" ] }, { "cite": "65 P. 179", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.", "year": 1901, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "10 N.M. 700", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 11272735 ], "year": 1901, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/10/0700-01" ] }, { "cite": "59 N.M. 442", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 1589285 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1955, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/59/0442-01" ] }, { "cite": "403 P.2d 54", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.2d", "year": 1965, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "70" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "66 Wash.2d 378", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Wash. 2d", "case_ids": [ 1045434 ], "year": 1965, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/wash-2d/66/0378-01" ] }, { "cite": "72 N.M. 29", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 2853639 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1963, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/72/0029-01" ] }, { "cite": "75 N.M. 780", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 5374530 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1966, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/75/0780-01" ] }, { "cite": "74 N.M. 670", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 2798126 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/74/0670-01" ] }, { "cite": "75 N.M. 7", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 5376356 ], "weight": 4, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "11-12" }, { "page": "649" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/75/0007-01" ] }, { "cite": "78 N.M. 477", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.M.", "case_ids": [ 5325626 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1967, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "478" }, { "page": "834" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nm/78/0477-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 748, "char_count": 14264, "ocr_confidence": 0.669, "pagerank": { "raw": 5.030788749368747e-07, "percentile": 0.936727006091861 }, "sha256": "bc52328d8979e96a2f92ef4f3ae6c26866e41f3ad42ff0d232d6dd1dc3b91753", "simhash": "1:d201b70e211494eb", "word_count": 2311 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T15:41:23.226975+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "COMPTON, and CARMODY, JJ., concur." ], "parties": [ "Leonard SEIDENBERG, M.D., and Louise Geng Seidenberg, M.D., Petitioners-Appellees, v. The NEW MEXICO BOARD OF MEDICAL EXAMINERS, Respondent-Appellant." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "OPINION\nTACKETT, Justice.\nThese consolidated causes are before us on an appeal by the Board of Medical Examiners, hereinafter referred to as the \u201cBoard,\u201d which, after a very lengthy hearing, revoked the licenses of both appellees to practice medicine in the State of New Mexico.\nThe charges and hearings were conducted under the provisions of the Uniform Licensing Act, \u00a7\u00a7 67-26-1 through 67-26-28, N.M.S.A., 1953 Comp.\nAppellees appealed the decision of the Board to the District Court of Santa Fe County, the Honorable J. V. Gallegos, by designation, presided. After considering the record of the proceedings before the Board, the trial court entered its decisio\u00f1 and judgment reversing the decision of the Board, on the grounds that the evidence before the Board was not clear and convincing; that it was not supported by substantial evidence; and that, in revoking the licenses of appellees, the Board acted arbitrarily and capriciously.\nUnder point I, appellant contends:\n\u201cTHE COURT ERRED IN REVERSING THE BOARD\u2019S DECISION AND ORDER REVOKING TPIE LICENSES OF EACH OF THE APPELLEES TO PRACTICE MEDICINE IN CONCLUDING:\n(A) THAT THERE WAS NOT CLEAR AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT THE ALLEGATIONS CONTAINED IN THE NOTICE OF CONTEMPLATED ACTION;\n(B) THAT THE DECISION OF TPIE BOARD WAS UNSUPPORTED BY SUBSTANTIAL EVIDENCE ON THE ENTIRE RECORD; AND\n(C) THAT TPIE BOARD ACTED ARBITRARILY AND CAPRICIOUSLY IN REVOKING THE LICENSES OF EACH OF THE APPELLEES.\u201d\nThe scope of the trial court\u2019s review of an administrative board\u2019s decision is set forth in \u00a7 67-26-20, N.M.S.A., 1953 Comp.:\n\u201cUpon the review of any board decision under the Uniform Licensing Act [67-26-1 to 67-26-28], the judge shall sit without a jury, and may hear oral arguments and receive written briefs, but no evidence not offered at the hearing shall be taken, except that in cases of alleged omissions or errors in the record, testimony thereon may be taken by the court. The court may affirm the decision of the board or remand the case for further proceedings; or it may reverse the decision if the substantial rights of the petitioner have been prejudiced because the administrative findings, inferences, conclusions, or decisions are: in violation of constitutional provisions; or in excess of the statutory authority or jurisdiction of the board; or made upon unlawful procedure; or affected by other error of law; or unsupported by substantial evidence on the entire record as submitted; or arbitrary or capricious.\u201d\nWe said in Hardin v. State Tax Commission, 78 N.M. 477 at 478, 432 P.2d 833, at 834 (1967):\n\u201cIt is well established that a district court may not, on appeal, substitute its judgment for that of the administrative body, but is restricted to whether, as a matter of law, the administrative body acted fraudulently, arbitrarily or capriciously; whether the administrative order is substantially supported by evidence; and, generally whether the action of the administrative body was within the scope of its authority. Llano, Inc. v. Southern Union Gas Co., 75 N.M. 7, 399 P.2d 646, and authorities there collected. This court, in reviewing the district court\u2019s judgment, must, in the first instance, make the same review of the administrative agency\u2019s action as did the district court. Reynolds v. Wiggins, 74 N.M. 670, 397 P.2d 469. Our review of the record before the state tax commission leads us to agree with the commission\u2019s disposition of the valuation.\u201d\nSee also, S.I.C. Finance-Loans of Menaul, Inc. v. Upton, 75 N.M. 780, 411 P.2d 755 (1966).\nIn Llano, Inc. v. Southern Union Gas Company, 75 N.M. 7 at 11-12, 399 P.2d 646 at 649 (1964), it is there stated:\n\u201cThis court has consistently held that on appeals from administrative bodies the questions to be answered by the court are questions of law and are restricted to whether the administrative body acted fraudulently, arbitrarily or capriciously, whether the order was supported by substantial evidence and, generally, whether the action of the administrative body was within the scope of its authority. The district court may not substitute its judgment for that of the administrative body. [Citations] * *\nSee also, State ex rel. State Corporation Commission v. Zinn, 72 N.M. 29, 380 P.2d 182 (1963); Deaconess Hospital v. Washington State Highway Commission, 66 Wash.2d 378, 403 P.2d 54 at 70 (1965).\nIn the case before us, appellees were charged with and found guilty of dishonorable and unprofessional conduct because of fraudulent misrepresentations, and evidence, to be deemed substantial, must have been clear and convincing to justify the Board in its findings of guilty of six out of the seven counts.\nIn Lumpkins v. McPhee, 59 N.M. 442, 286 P.2d 299 (1955), it is noted that where fraud is charged, the evidence in support of a finding of fraud is not deemed substantial \"if it is not clear, strong and convincing.\u201d First National Bank of Albuquerque v. Lesser & Lewinson, 10 N.M. 700, 65 P. 179 (1901); Shaw v. Board of Education, 38 N.M. 298, 31 P.2d 993, 93 A.L.R. 432 (1934); Frear v. Roberts, 51 N.M. 137, 179 P.2d 998 (1947).\nThe court below was limited in its review to determining whether the order of the Board was unreasonable or unlawful; whether the order of the Board was supported by substantial evidence; and, generally, whether the action of the Board was within the scope of its authority. Based upon the record in the instant case, we hold that the Board\u2019s' actions were neither unreasonable, arbitrary nor capricious, and that the Board\u2019s decision is based on clear, convincing and substantial evidence.\nUnder point II appellees raise a constitutional question; that the proceedings of the Board denied appellees due process of law and violated the governing statutes as to the method of appointment and additional qualifications contained in \u00a7 67-5-1, N.M.S.A., 1953 Comp, and that such appointments are contrary to and in violation of Art. VII, \u00a7 2, and Art. Ill, \u00a7 1, New Mexico Constitution, and thereby do not give the Board jurisdiction over appellees to suspend or revoke their licenses to practice medicine in New Mexico.\nThe Board exists pursuant to \u00a7\u00a7 67-5-1 through 67-5-26, N.M.S.A., 1953 Comp., is established under \u00a7 67-5-1, supra, and consists of five members appointed by the governor from a list of five nominees for each position.\nAppellees do not challenge the right of the legislature to create a Board of Medical Examiners and to vest authority in the Board to institute appropriate disciplinary proceedings for the revocation or suspension of a physician\u2019s license to practice medicine. They do complain, however, that the statute creating the Board has usurped the governor\u2019s power of appointment of members of the Board by restricting the governor\u2019s choice to nominees of the New Mexico Medical Society.\nIn accordance with \u00a7 67-5-1, supra, the nominees'submitted by the Medical Society must be \u201cqualified.\u201d\nAppellees rely on State ex rel. Swope v. Mechem, 58 N.M. 1 at 6, 265 P.2d 336 at 339 (1954), wherein we quoted from 42 Am.Jur., Public Officers, \u00a7 94 at 952:\n\u201c \u2018 * *- * where the Constitution makes the act of appointment an executive one, it cannot be exercised by the legislature, nor can the legislature rob the executive of such power by conferring it on an outside agency of its own choosing.\u2019 \u201d\nWe distinguish this from the instant case in that we are not faced with a constitutional delegation to the executive of the power of appointment to the Board. Here, the legislature delegated such power to the executive and may establish qualifications for Board members. New Mexico Constitution, Art. VII, \u00a7 2(B), (1967 Pocket Supp.) provides:\n\u201cThe legislature may provide by law for such qualifications and standards as may be necessary for holding an appointive position by any public officer or employee.\u201d\nIt is to be noted that the Board appointed by the governor has the power to grant licenses to qualified physicians to practice medicine, yet appellees contend that the Board could not revoke their licenses to practice. This is incongruous and not a tenable position in so far as appellees are concerned. See, Annot. 65 A.L.R.2d 662 at 682.\nThe constitutionality of a statute is presumed. Doubts concerning its constitutionality are to be resolved in favor of legality and, before a statute may be stricken down, it must clearly appear that it offends applicable constitutional provisions. See, Community Public Service Co. v. New Mexico Public Service Comm\u2019n, 76 N.M. 314, 414 P.2d 675 (1966); Silver City Consol. Sch. Dist. No. 1 v. Board of Regents, 75 N.M. 106, 401 P.2d 95 (1965), and cases cited therein.\nIn the Annot. 97 A.L.R.2d 361 at 373, commenting on Marks v. Frantz, 179 Kan. 638, 298 P.2d 316 (1956), we find the following :\n\u201c* * * [P]laintiff sought (1) a determination that an act creating a board of examiners for the examination and registration of optometrists was invalid in that it directed the governor to appoint members of the board from a list of names supplied to him by the Kansas optometric association, thus depriving the governor of his power of appointment and conferring it on a private corporation in violation of the state constitution, * * *. Relying on what is deemed the \u2018clear weight of authority\u2019 in other jurisdictions, the court upheld the constitutionality of the statute, noting that many examples of restrictive powers of appointment were to be found under various state statutes, indicating a settled legislative pattern.\u201d\nThe governor is obligated to appoint to the Board nominees submitted by the New Mexico Medical Society, and only the governor has this prerogative.\nIn Asplund v. Alarid, 29 N.M. 129, 219 P. 786 (1923), this court said that, in determining the constitutionality of an act of the legislature, the presumption is that the legislature has performed its duty and kept within the bounds fixed by the constitution, and that the judiciary will, if possible, give effect to the legislative intent, unless it clearly appears to be in conflict with the constitution.\nIt is needless to cite the many cases from other jurisdictions; however, contrary to appellees\u2019 contentions, see Annot. 97 A.L.R.2d 1210 at 1221, where, in discussing Prosterman v. Tennessee State Board of Dental Examiners, 168 Tenn. 16, 73 S.W.2d 687 (1934), we find the following:\n\u201c * * * [A] dentist whose license had been revoked by the board following a hearing on charges that he had made false advertising claims contended that the statute under which the board members were appointed violated the state constitutional provisions guaranteeing due process and disqualifying interested judges, because it limited appointees to such dentists as were recommended for appointment by the state dental association, which association in turn was exclusive in character, prejudiced, and excluded all advertising dentists. Affirming a decision ttpholding the board\u2019s material findings with a modification of the revocation to a 30-day suspension, the appellate court found no constitutional difficulty with the challenged statute;\nAppellees further contend that the Board, as created under \u00a7 67-5-1, supra, is prejudicial and discriminatory as to appellees and denies them due process of law. It is alleged that the allegations in the affidavit of disqualification were not rebutted by the Board and the Board failed to disclaim any prejudice; that prejudice is shown; that appellees have been denied due process of law and equal protection of the law.\nThe Board is the one tribunal vested with power to revoke a doctor\u2019s license, just as the Supreme Court of New Mexico is the only body with power to disbar a lawyer. In State ex rel. Yuhas v. Board of Medical Examiners, 135 Mont. 381, 339 P.2d 981 (1959), it was held that the Board had exclusive jurisdiction of the granting and revoking of certificates admitting physicians and surgeons to practice and, in view of the fact statutes do not provide for disqualification of board members, proceedings before the Board may not be restrained merely by reason of the fact that the Board itself initiated the proceedings against a physician and was, therefore, an interested party. See 42 Am.Jur., Public Administrative Law, \u00a7 21 at 312; and Board of Medical Examiners v. Steward, 203 Md. 574, 102 A.2d 248 (1954).\nThe fact that the charges are made by the same body which tries the issues does not, in itself, operate as a disqualification. Neither does zeal in the performance of a public duty disqualify. 1 Am.Jur.2d, Administrative Law, \u00a7 64, at 861; New Jersey State Board of Optometrists v. Nemitz, 21 N.J.Super. 18, 90 A.2d 740 (1952).\nIn Brinkley v. Hassig, 83 F.2d 351 (10th Cir. 1936), it was held that disqualification will not be permitted to destroy the only tribunal with power in the premises, although a disqualified member may not act if the law provides for substitution of personnel on the board or court, or if another tribunal exists to which resort may be had.\nAppellees\u2019 contentions are not meritorious. In the notice of contemplated action and throughout these proceedings, the Board followed the wording as required by the Uniform Licensing Act, and particularly \u00a7 67-26-4, supra. Also, there has been substantial compliance with \u00a7 5-6-17, N.M.S.A., 1953 Comp. The record in the instant case supports the Board\u2019s decision by clear and convincing evidence and the decision of the Board is neither unreasonable, arbitrary nor capricious. Appellees, as found by the Board, were guilty of dishonorable and unprofessional conduct and the licenses issued to appellees by the Board should be revoked.\nWe hold that the trial judge substituted his judgment for the- judgment of the Board; therefore, the decision of the trial court is reversed and the case remanded with instructions to affirm the decision of the Board.\nIt is so ordered.\nCOMPTON, and CARMODY, JJ., concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "TACKETT, Justice." } ], "attorneys": [ "Marr\u00f3n, Houk & McKinnon, Albuquerque, for respondent-appellant.", "Bigbee & Byrd, F. Joel Roth, Santa Fe, for petitioners-appellees." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "452 P.2d 469\nLeonard SEIDENBERG, M.D., and Louise Geng Seidenberg, M.D., Petitioners-Appellees, v. The NEW MEXICO BOARD OF MEDICAL EXAMINERS, Respondent-Appellant.\nNo. 8720.\nSupreme Court of New Mexico.\nMarch 10, 1969.\nRehearing Denied April 15, 1969.\nMarr\u00f3n, Houk & McKinnon, Albuquerque, for respondent-appellant.\nBigbee & Byrd, F. Joel Roth, Santa Fe, for petitioners-appellees." }, "file_name": "0135-01", "first_page_order": 191, "last_page_order": 195 }