{
  "id": 5366633,
  "name": "STATE of New Mexico, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Edward BONNER, Defendant-Appellant",
  "name_abbreviation": "State v. Bonner",
  "decision_date": "1970-04-10",
  "docket_number": "No. 440",
  "first_page": "471",
  "last_page": "473",
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      "cite": "468 P.2d 636"
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  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "N.M. Ct. App.",
    "id": 9025,
    "name": "Court of Appeals of New Mexico"
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    "name_long": "New Mexico",
    "name": "N.M."
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      "reporter": "N.M.",
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      "year": 1966,
      "opinion_index": 0,
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      "cite": "75 N.M. 102",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.M.",
      "case_ids": [
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      "weight": 7,
      "year": 1965,
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T14:30:08.757301+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [
      "WOOD and HENDLEY, JJ., concur."
    ],
    "parties": [
      "STATE of New Mexico, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Edward BONNER, Defendant-Appellant."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "OPINION\nOMAN, Judge.\nDefendant was tried and convicted of armed robbery in the District Court of Bernalillo County. Before sentence was imposed, a supplemental information was filed seeking imposition of an enhanced sentence, pursuant to the provisions of \u00a7 40A-29-5(B), N.M.S.A.1953 (Repl. 6), because of his alleged prior convictions of two felonies, to wit, robbery in the State of Texas and burglary in Curry County, New Mexico.\nDefendant admitted his prior convictions as charged in the supplemental information. The trial court thereupon entered a judgment of conviction and sentenced defendant to confinement in the penitentiary for a period of not less than fifty years nor more than one hundred and fifty years, as provided by \u00a7 40A-29-5(B), supra, and gave credit against this sentence for the period spent by defendant in presentence confinement, as provided in \u00a7 40A-29-25, N.M.S.A.1953 (Repl. 6, Supp. 1969).\nThe case is now before this court on appeal from an order denying defendant\u2019s motion to vacate the sentence. Fie relies upon three points for reversal, but all three relate to and depend upon the validity of his contention that the sentence imposed was improper and in violation of \u00a7 40A-29-7, N.M.S.A.1953 (Repl. 6), \u201c* * * in that the trial court did not deduct from the new sentence all time actually served on the next preceding sentence.\u201d\nFlis position is that since the only sentence imposed upon him for the offense of armed robbery was the enhanced sentence under \u00a7 40A-29-5(B), supra, he was entitled under \u00a7 40A-29-7, supra, to have deducted from the enhanced sentence all time actually served by him on his sentence imposed in 1966 for burglary. The language in \u00a7 40A-29-7, supra, upon which he relies, is as follows:\n\u201c* * * if he acknowledges or confesses in open court * * * that he is-the same person and that he has in fact been convicted of such previous crimes, as charged, then the court shall sentence him to the punishment as prescribed in section 29-5 [40A-29-5] governing habitual offenders, and the court shall thereupon deduct from the new sentence all time actually served on the next preceding sentence and the remainder of the two [2] sentences shall run concurrent.\u201d'\nIn Lott v. Cox, 75 N.M. 102, 401 P.2d 93 (1965), the court was considering the proper procedure to be followed under \u00a7 41\u2014 16-4, N.M.S.A.1953, repealed and replaced by \u00a7 40A-29-5 through 9, N.M.S.A.1953 (Repl. 6). One of the procedural questions posed and answered in the negative in that case was:\n\u201c* * * does the statute require that sentence be first imposed in the felony conviction and then vacated before the increased punishment prescribed by the Habitual Criminal Act may be imposed?\u201d\nThe language of the prior statute, relied upon by the court for support of this position, is present in the successor statutes. Sections 40A-29-6 & 7, supra.\nThe same argument now being made by defendant could have been made with equal force and logic under the prior statute [\u00a7 41-16-4, supra] in which it was provided:\n\u201c* * * If the jury finds that 'he is the same person or if he \u25a0 acknowledges or confesses in open court, * * * that he is the same person, the court shall sentence him to the punishment above prescribed, as the case may be, and shall vacate the previous sentence, deducting from the new sentence all time actually served on the sentence so vacated. * * * \u201d [Emphasis added.]\nAs shown above, the present statute, [\u00a7 40A-29-7, supra] requires the court to deditct from the enhanced sentence all time actually served on \"the next preceding sentence.\u201d\nAs above stated, the Supreme Court in Lott v. Cox, supra, held that the trial court is not required to impose a sentence for the conviction of a felony before imposing the increased punishment prescribed by the Habitual Criminal Act. However, under the prior Act, if sentence was imposed, the statute required that it be vacated and defendant given credit for all time served thereunder against his enhanced sentence. Lott v. Cox, supra.\nIf sentence had not been imposed upon the last conviction, the statute did not contemplate that the trial court could or should vacate a sentence which may have been imposed by another court in some other jurisdiction in an earlier case, and the defendant given credit against the new or enhanced sentence for \u201call time actually served on the sentence so vacated.\u201d The concern of the Legislature, as well as of the courts, is to make certain that a defendant is given credit against the enhanced sentence for all time served as a result of being charged and convicted of the last felony. This is important to the defendant, not only because it has effect upon the term of his enhanced sentence, but because of its effect ttpon the time when he is eligible for parole. Lott v. Cox, 76 N.M. 76, 412 P.2d 249 (1966); Sneed v. Cox, 74 N.M. 659, 397 P.2d 308 (1964).\nObviously the Legislature was endeavoring to give the defendant this protection by the change from the above emphasized language found in \u00a7 41-16-4, supra, to the provision in \u00a7 40A-29-7, supra, in that he must be given credit for all time \u201cserved on the next preceding sentence.\u201d Here the court had not imposed sentence, and was not required to do so. Lott v. Cox, 75 N.M. 102, 401 P.2d 93 (1965).\nThe Habitual Criminal Act creates no new offense, but merely provides a proceeding whereby one previously convicted of a felony or felonies may be given an enhanced sentence, upon subsequent conviction in this State for another felony. Lott v. Cox, 76 N.M. 76, 412 P.2d 249 (1966). The language of \u00a7 40A-29-7, supra, as well as that of the prior statute [\u00a7 41-16-4, supra], contemplates that the court, wherein the person is convicted of the felony for which the enhanced penalty is sought, shall conduct the Habitual Offender proceedings, and shall give credit against an enhanced sentence, for all time actually served under a sentence theretofore imposed for the conviction of the felony in that court and for which defendant is now being given the enhanced sentence. Plere no sentence, prior to the enhanced sentence, had been imposed for his conviction of armed robbery. Thus, the language relied upon by defendant was not applicable in this situation.\nThe order should be affirmed.\nIt is so ordered.\nWOOD and HENDLEY, JJ., concur.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "OMAN, Judge."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Lawrence T. Buchmiller, Albuquerque, for appellant.",
      "James A. Maloney, Atty. Gen., Santa Fe, James C. Compton, Jr., Asst. Atty. Gen., for appellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "468 P.2d 636\nSTATE of New Mexico, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Edward BONNER, Defendant-Appellant.\nNo. 440.\nCourt of Appeals of New Mexico.\nApril 10, 1970.\nLawrence T. Buchmiller, Albuquerque, for appellant.\nJames A. Maloney, Atty. Gen., Santa Fe, James C. Compton, Jr., Asst. Atty. Gen., for appellee."
  },
  "file_name": "0471-01",
  "first_page_order": 517,
  "last_page_order": 519
}